Dendritic cell subsets and immunological milieu in inflammatory human papilloma virus-related skin lesions.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Human papilloma virus (HPV)-related warts persist, evading host immune surveillance, but sometimes disappear with inflammation.

OBJECTIVES:

To elucidate the immune evasion mechanisms of HPV, we have examined the density, dynamics, and subsets of dendritic cell (DC) types in non-inflammatory or inflammatory HPV-related skin lesions such as warts and Bowen's disease (HPV-Bowen), and compared the epidermal expression levels of macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-3α and E-cadherin.

METHODS:

The expression of various DC markers, MIP-3α, and E-cadherin in the tissue samples obtained from patients with warts, HPV-Bowen and HPV-unrelated skin diseases was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. MIP-3α gene expression levels were examined in warts and HPV-Bowen by in situ hybridization (ISH) and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).

RESULTS:

The numbers of Langerhans cells (LCs) and the expression levels of MIP-3α and E-cadherin were decreased in non-inflammatory warts and HPV-Bowen, as compared with normal skin. Both epidermal LCs and MIP-3α expression reappeared in inflammatory warts, associated with dermal infiltrates composed of many cytotoxic T cells and various subsets of DCs, while cellular infiltrates in HPV-Bowen contained many B cells and plasma cells with sparse infiltration of DCs. The upregulation of MIP-3α gene expression was confirmed in the inflammatory warts and HPV-Bowen by ISH and RT-qPCR.

CONCLUSIONS:

The depletion of LCs in the non-inflammatory warts and HPV-Bowen is associated with a down-regulation of expression levels of MIP-3α and E-cadherin in the lesional keratinocytes. MIP-3α expression is upregulated in lesional keratinocytes of inflammatory warts, with the subsequent recruitment of various DC subsets and cytotoxic T cells, whereas plasma cell-rich infiltration was induced in HPV-Bowen.

• Authors: Yumi Nakayama, Kenji Asagoe, Akiko Yamauchi, Takenobu Yamamoto, Yoshinori Shirafuji, Shin Morizane, Gen Nakanishi, Keiji Iwatsuki
• Journal: Journal of dermatological science (J Dermatol Sci) Vol. 63 Issue 3 Pg. 173-83 (Sep 2011) ISSN: 1873-569X [Electronic] Netherlands
• PMID: 21715145 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2011 Japanese Society for Investigative Dermatology. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• CCL20 protein, human
• Cadherins
• Chemokine CCL20
• DNA Probes, HPV

Topics

• Apoptosis
• Base Sequence
• Bowen's Disease (genetics, immunology, metabolism, virology)
• Cadherins (genetics, metabolism)
• Chemokine CCL20 (genetics, metabolism)
• DNA Probes, HPV (genetics)
• Dendritic Cells (classification, immunology)
• Humans
• Immunohistochemistry
• In Situ Hybridization
• Keratinocytes (pathology)
• Keratosis, Seborrheic (genetics, immunology, metabolism)
• Papillomavirus Infections (genetics, immunology, metabolism)
• Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
• Skin Diseases, Viral (genetics, immunology, metabolism)
• Warts (genetics, immunology, metabolism)