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Antinociceptive effect of the essential oil of Zingiber zerumbet in mice: possible mechanisms.

AbstractETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE:
Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Smith, a wild edible ginger species or locally known as "lempoyang", commonly used in the Malays traditional medicine as an appetizer or to treat stomachache, toothache, muscle sprain and as a cure for swelling sores and cuts.
AIM:
The present study was conducted to investigate the possible mechanism of actions underlying the systemic antinociception activity of the essential oil of Zingiber zerumbet (EOZZ) in chemical-induced nociception tests in mice.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction, capsaicin-, glutamate- and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-induced paw licking tests in mice were employed in the study. In all experiments, EOZZ was administered systemically at the doses of 50, 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg.
RESULTS:
It was shown that EOZZ given to mice via intraperitoneal and oral routes at 50, 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg produced significant dose dependent antinociception when assessed using acetic acid-induced abdominal writing test with calculated mean ID(50) values of 88.84 mg/kg (80.88-97.57 mg/kg) and 118.8 mg/kg (102.5-137.8 mg/kg), respectively. Likewise, intraperitoneal administration of EOZZ at similar doses produced significant dose dependent inhibition of neurogenic pain induced by intraplantar injection of capsaicin (1.6 μg/paw), glutamate (10 μmol/paw) and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (1.6μg/paw) with calculated mean ID(50) of 128.8 mg/kg (118.6-139.9 mg/kg), 124.8 mg/kg (111.4-139.7 mg/kg) and 40.29 (35.39-45.86) mg/kg, respectively. It was also demonstrated that pretreatment with l-arginine (100mg/kg, i.p.), a nitric oxide precursor significantly reversed antinociception produced by EOZZ suggesting the involvement of l-arginine/nitric oxide pathway. In addition, methylene blue (20mg/kg, i.p.) significantly enhanced antinociception produced by EOZZ. Administration of glibenclamide (10mg/kg, i.p.), an ATP-sensitive K(+) channel antagonist significantly reversed antinociceptive activity induced by EOZZ.
CONCLUSION:
Together, the present results suggested that EOZZ-induced antinociceptive activity was possibly related to its ability to inhibit glutamatergic system, TRPV1 receptors as well as through activation of l-arginine/nitric oxide/cGMP/protein kinase C/ATP-sensitive K(+) channel pathway.
AuthorsMohamed Hanief Khalid, Muhammad Nadeem Akhtar, Azam Shah Mohamad, Enoch Kumar Perimal, Ahmad Akira, Daud Ahmad Israf, Nordin Lajis, Mohd Roslan Sulaiman
JournalJournal of ethnopharmacology (J Ethnopharmacol) Vol. 137 Issue 1 Pg. 345-51 (Sep 01 2011) ISSN: 1872-7573 [Electronic] Ireland
PMID21664960 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
CopyrightCopyright © 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
Chemical References
  • Analgesics
  • KATP Channels
  • Oils, Volatile
  • Plant Oils
  • TRPV Cation Channels
  • TRPV1 protein, mouse
  • Nitric Oxide
  • Glutamic Acid
  • Arginine
  • Protein Kinase C
  • Cyclic GMP
Topics
  • Administration, Oral
  • Analgesics (administration & dosage, pharmacology)
  • Animals
  • Arginine (metabolism)
  • Behavior, Animal (drug effects)
  • Cyclic GMP (metabolism)
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Ginger
  • Glutamic Acid (metabolism)
  • Injections, Intraperitoneal
  • KATP Channels (drug effects, metabolism)
  • Male
  • Medicine, Traditional
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred ICR
  • Neural Pathways (drug effects, metabolism, physiopathology)
  • Nitric Oxide (metabolism)
  • Oils, Volatile (administration & dosage, pharmacology)
  • Pain (chemically induced, metabolism, physiopathology, prevention & control, psychology)
  • Pain Measurement
  • Pain Threshold (drug effects)
  • Plant Oils (administration & dosage, pharmacology)
  • Plant Roots
  • Plants, Medicinal
  • Protein Kinase C (metabolism)
  • Signal Transduction (drug effects)
  • TRPV Cation Channels (drug effects, metabolism)

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