Peripheral nerve injury can result in formation of a
neuroma, which is often associated with heightened sensitivity to normally innocuous stimuli as well as spontaneous
dysesthesia and
pain. The onset and persistence of
neuropathic pain have been linked to spontaneous ectopic electrogenesis in axons within
neuromas, suggesting an involvement of
voltage-gated sodium channels.
Sodium channel isoforms Na(V)1.3, Na(V)1.7 and Na(V)1.8 have been shown to accumulate in chronic painful human
neuromas, while, to date, only Na(V)1.3 has been reported to accumulate within experimental
neuromas. Although recent evidence strongly support a major contribution for Na(V)1.7 in nociception, the expression of Na(V)1.7 in injured axons within acute
neuromas has not been studied. The current study examined whether Na(V)1.7 accumulates in experimental rat
neuromas. We further investigated whether activated (phosphorylated)
mitogen-activated
protein (MAP)
kinase ERK1/2, which is known to modulate Na(V)1.7 properties, is co-localized with Na(V)1.7 within axons in
neuromas. We demonstrate increased levels of Na(V)1.7 in experimental rat sciatic nerve
neuromas, 2weeks after nerve
ligation and transaction. We further show elevated levels of phosphorylated ERK1/2 within individual
neuroma axons that exhibit Na(V)1.7 accumulation. These results extend previous descriptions of
sodium channel and MAP
kinase accumulation within experimental and human
neuromas, and suggest that targeted blockade of Na(V)1.7 or ERK1/2 may provide a strategy for amelioration of
chronic pain that often follows nerve injury and formation of
neuromas.