Abstract | BACKGROUND: OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of pharmacological treatments for ADHD on ADHD symptoms and tic severity in children with ADHD and comorbid tic disorders. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched CENTRAL (The Cochrane Library 2009, Issue 4), MEDLINE (1950 to July 2009), EMBASE (1980 to July 2009), CINAHL (1982 to July 2009), PsycINFO (1806 to July Week 4 2009) and BIOSIS Previews (1985 to July 2009). Dissertation Abstracts (searched via Dissertaation Express), and the metaRegister of Controlled Trials were searched (30 July 2009). SELECTION CRITERIA: We included randomized, double-blind, controlled trials of any pharmacological treatment for ADHD used specifically in children with comorbid tic disorders. We included both parallel group and cross-over study designs. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two authors independently extracted data using standardized forms. MAIN RESULTS: We included a total of eight randomized controlled studies in the review but were unable to combine any of these in meta-analysis. Several of the trials assessed multiple agents. Medications assessed included methylphenidate, clonidine, desipramine, dextroamphetamine, guanfacine, atomoxetine, and deprenyl. All treatments, with the exception of deprenyl, were efficacious in treating symptoms of ADHD. Tic symptoms improved in children treated with guanfacine, desipramine, methylphenidate, clonidine, and the combination of methylphenidate and clonidine. Fear of worsening tics limited dose increases of methylphenidate in one study. High dose dextroamphetamine appeared to worsen tics in one study, although the length of this study was limited. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS:
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Authors | Tamara Pringsheim, Thomas Steeves |
Journal | The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
(Cochrane Database Syst Rev)
Issue 4
Pg. CD007990
(Apr 13 2011)
ISSN: 1469-493X [Electronic] England |
PMID | 21491404
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Review, Systematic Review)
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Chemical References |
- Central Nervous System Stimulants
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Topics |
- Adolescent
- Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
(drug therapy)
- Central Nervous System Stimulants
(adverse effects, therapeutic use)
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Humans
- Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
- Tic Disorders
(complications, drug therapy)
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