Transrectal high-intensity focused ultrasound for treatment of localized prostate cancer.

Abstract

OBJECTIVES:

To assess the long-term outcomes of transrectal high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) for patients with localized prostate cancer.

METHODS:

From May 2003 to present, 137 consecutive patients with T1-2 prostate cancer were treated using the Sonablate 500 and then followed for more than 12 months after their last HIFU treatment. A prostate biopsy was routinely carried out at 6 months and serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) was measured every 3 months after HIFU. Oncological outcomes as well as treatment-related complications were assessed. Disease-free survival (DFS) was judged using the Phoenix definition (PSA nadir + 2 ng/mL), negative histological findings and no local or distant metastasis.

RESULTS:

The median follow up after HIFU was 36 months (range 12-84 months). No patients received adjuvant therapy during this period. The PSA nadir occurred at 2 months after HIFU and the median level was 0.07 ng/mL (0.01-2.01 ng/mL). Of the 133 patients who underwent prostate biopsy or transurethral resection of the prostate at 6 months or later after HIFU, six were positive for cancer cells (4.5%). There were no major postoperative complications, but urge incontinence (16 cases) and dysuria (33 cases) occurred after removal of the urethral catheter. The 5-year DFS rate was 78% based on these criteria, and 91%, 81% and 62% in the low-, intermediate- and high-risk group, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:

HIFU represents an effective, repeatable and minimally invasive treatment. It is particularly effective for low- and intermediate-risk patients, and it should be considered as an option for localized prostate cancer.

• Authors: Yoji Inoue, Keisuke Goto, Tetsutaro Hayashi, Mutsuo Hayashi
• Journal: International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association (Int J Urol) Vol. 18 Issue 5 Pg. 358-62 (May 2011) ISSN: 1442-2042 [Electronic] Australia
• PMID: 21449970 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: © 2011 The Japanese Urological Association.

Chemical References

• Prostate-Specific Antigen

Topics

• Aged
• Aged, 80 and over
• Biopsy
• Constriction, Pathologic (etiology, pathology)
• Disease-Free Survival
• Erectile Dysfunction (etiology)
• Follow-Up Studies
• Humans
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Neoplasm Staging
• Proportional Hazards Models
• Prostate-Specific Antigen (blood)
• Prostatic Neoplasms (blood, pathology, therapy)
• Treatment Outcome
• Ultrasound, High-Intensity Focused, Transrectal (adverse effects)
• Urethra (pathology)
• Urination Disorders (etiology)