Cysteine proteinase type I, encapsulated in solid lipid nanoparticles induces substantial protection against Leishmania major infection in C57BL/6 mice.

Abstract

Appropriate adjuvant, proper antigen(s) and a suitable formulation are required to develop stable, safe and immunogenic vaccines. Leishmanial cysteine proteinase type I (CPB) is a promising vaccine candidate; nevertheless, it requires a delivery system to induce a potent immune response. Herein, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) have been applied for CPB [with and without C-terminal extension (CTE)] formulation to utilize as a vaccine against Leishmania major infection in C57BL/6 mice. Therefore, SLN-CPB and SLN-CPB(-CTE) formulations were prepared from cetyl palmitate and cholesterol, using melt emulsification method. After intraperitoneal vaccination and subsequent L. major challenge, a strong antigen-specific T-helper type 1 (Th1) immune response was induced compared to control groups. Lymph node cells from immunized mice displayed lower parasite burden, higher IFN-γ, IgG2a and lower IL-4 production, indicating that robust Th1 immune response had been induced. Our results revealed that CTE is not necessary for inducing protective responses against L. major infection as the IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio was significantly higher, whereas IgG1 responses were lower in the SLN-CPB(-CTE) vaccinated group, post-challenge. Thus, SLN-CPB(-CTE) was shown to induce specific Th1 immune responses to control L. major infection, through effective antigen delivery to the peritoneal antigen presenting cells.

• Authors: D Doroud, F Zahedifard, A Vatanara, A R Najafabadi, S Rafati
• Journal: Parasite immunology (Parasite Immunol) Vol. 33 Issue 6 Pg. 335-48 (Jun 2011) ISSN: 1365-3024 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 21410716 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Chemical References

• Adjuvants, Immunologic
• Drug Carriers
• Immunoglobulin G
• Liposomes
• Protozoan Vaccines
• Interleukin-4
• Interferon-gamma
• Cysteine Proteases

Topics

• Adjuvants, Immunologic (administration & dosage, chemistry)
• Animals
• Cysteine Proteases (administration & dosage, immunology)
• Drug Carriers (administration & dosage, chemistry)
• Female
• Immunoglobulin G (immunology)
• Interferon-gamma (metabolism)
• Interleukin-4 (metabolism)
• Leishmania major (immunology)
• Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous (prevention & control)
• Leukocytes, Mononuclear (immunology)
• Liposomes (administration & dosage, chemistry)
• Lymph Nodes (immunology)
• Mice
• Mice, Inbred C57BL
• Nanoparticles (administration & dosage, chemistry)
• Protozoan Vaccines (administration & dosage, immunology)