Surface integrity governs the proteome of hypomineralized enamel.

Abstract	Growing interest in the treatment and prevention of Molar/Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) warrants investigation into the protein composition of hypomineralized enamel. Hypothesizing abnormality akin to amelogenesis imperfecta, we profiled proteins in hypomineralized enamel from human permanent first molars using a biochemical approach. Hypomineralized enamel was found to have from 3- to 15-fold higher protein content than normal, but a near-normal level of residual amelogenins. This distinguished MIH from hypomaturation defects with high residual amelogenins (amelogenesis imperfecta, fluorosis) and so typified it as a hypocalcification defect. Second, hypomineralized enamel was found to have accumulated various proteins from oral fluid and blood, with differential incorporation depending on integrity of the enamel surface. Pathogenically, these results point to a pre-eruptive disturbance of mineralization involving albumin and, in cases with post-eruptive breakdown, subsequent protein adsorption on the exposed hydroxyapatite matrix. These insights into the pathogenesis and properties of hypomineralized enamel hold significance for prevention and treatment of MIH.
Authors	J E Mangum, F A Crombie, N Kilpatrick, D J Manton, M J Hubbard
Journal	Journal of dental research (J Dent Res) Vol. 89 Issue 10 Pg. 1160-5 (Oct 2010) ISSN: 1544-0591 [Electronic] United States
PMID	20651090 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References	Amelogenin Blood Proteins Complement C3 Dental Enamel Proteins Hemoglobins Peptide Fragments Proteome Salivary Proteins and Peptides Serum Albumin Durapatite
Topics	Adsorption Amelogenin (analysis) Animals Blood Proteins (analysis) Child Complement C3 (analysis) Dental Enamel (chemistry, pathology) Dental Enamel Hypoplasia (metabolism, pathology) Dental Enamel Proteins (analysis) Durapatite (analysis, metabolism) Hemoglobins (analysis, pharmacokinetics) Humans Molar (chemistry, pathology) Peptide Fragments (analysis) Proteome (analysis) Rats Rats, Sprague-Dawley Salivary Proteins and Peptides (analysis) Serum Albumin (analysis, pharmacokinetics) Tooth Calcification

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