Idarubicin is a new
anthracycline derivative with therapeutic efficacy in metastatic
breast cancer. In a phase II trial we treated 23 patients with advanced
breast carcinoma and favourable prognostic factors. Oral dose of
idarubicin was 15 mg/m2 day 1-3 repeated every 3 weeks. All patients were pretreated with
hormones.
Idarubicin was administered as first line
chemotherapy. 20 patients were evaluable for response: 3 patients achieved partial remission, 12 patients stable disease; tumour progression occurred in 5 patients. 3 patients were not evaluable for response because only 1 treatment cycle was administered. Main toxicites were
leukopenia (median WHO-grade: 2,r:0-4),
nausea and
vomiting (median: 1,r:0-4) and alopezia (median: 1,r:0-3). 1 patient died in
septic shock: Immediately after the administration of one idarubicine cycle, she was extensively irradiated because of bone
metastasis. The fatal course of the disease in this patient does not depend only on the
idarubicin therapy, but also on the extensive bone infiltration and on intensive
radiation therapy.
Idarubicin proved to be an effective
drug in metastatic
breast cancer with low systemic toxicity and the advantage of
oral administration. The
drug is an enrichment of therapeutic armament, especially in patients with soft tissue and bone
metastasis.