Zoledronic acid-induced transient hepatotoxicity in a patient effectively treated for Paget's disease of bone.

Abstract

Bisphosphonate (BP)-induced hepatotoxicity is very rare. There are only a few reports of liver injury after BP treatment, including aledronate and risedronate in postmenopausal osteoporosis patients. We describe hereby the case of a patient with Paget's disease of bone accompanied by nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) who developed transient hepatotoxicity after zoledronic acid (ZOL) treatment. NAFLD had been diagnosed 1 year before presentation, based on liver ultrasonography (US). One day after infusion, serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) were increased by 8.1, 6.7, and 6.7 times, respectively, compared with pretreatment values. Serum bilirubin remained normal. US revealed hepatic mild homogenous brightness without focal lesion of the liver or biliary ducts. Subsequent biochemical and serologic investigation did not reveal a specific liver or systematic disease. The patient remained asymptomatic, and ALT, AST, and GGT were normalized 7 days post-treatment. Although the mechanism by which ZOL may cause liver damage is elusive, physicians should be aware of this possible adverse effect and ZOL cautiously administered in NAFLD patients.

• Authors: S A Polyzos, J Kountouras, A D Anastasilakis, I Litsas, M Kita, G Arsos, E Moralidis, E Terpos
• Journal: Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA (Osteoporos Int) Vol. 22 Issue 1 Pg. 363-7 (Jan 2011) ISSN: 1433-2965 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 20407889 (Publication Type: Case Reports, Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Bone Density Conservation Agents
• Diphosphonates
• Imidazoles
• Zoledronic Acid

Topics

• Bone Density Conservation Agents (adverse effects, therapeutic use)
• Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury (etiology)
• Diphosphonates (adverse effects, therapeutic use)
• Fatty Liver (complications)
• Female
• Follow-Up Studies
• Humans
• Imidazoles (adverse effects, therapeutic use)
• Middle Aged
• Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
• Osteitis Deformans (diagnostic imaging, drug therapy)
• Radionuclide Imaging
• Zoledronic Acid