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Review of azacitidine trials in Intermediate-2-and High-risk myelodysplastic syndromes.

Abstract
The efficacy of azacitidine, a cytosine nucleoside analog, has been demonstrated in two large phase III trials in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) patients, primarily in higher-risk patients. In the Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB) study (lower-and higher-risk MDS patients; n = 191) azacitidine significantly prolonged median time-to-progression to acute myeloid leukemia or death (21 vs 13 months for supportive care; p = 0.007). The AZA-001 trial (Intermediate-2-and High-risk MDS patients; n = 358) showed azacitidine significantly prolonged median overall survival compared with conventional care regimens (24.5 vs 15.0 months; p = 0.0001). These results establish azacitidine as a reference first-line treatment in patients with Intermediate-2-and High-risk MDS who are not immediate candidates for allogeneic stem cell transplantation.
AuthorsPierre Fenaux, Lionel Ades
JournalLeukemia research (Leuk Res) Vol. 33 Suppl 2 Pg. S7-11 (Dec 2009) ISSN: 1873-5835 [Electronic] England
PMID20004796 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)
Chemical References
  • Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic
  • Azacitidine
Topics
  • Aged
  • Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic (therapeutic use)
  • Azacitidine (therapeutic use)
  • Clinical Trials as Topic
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Myelodysplastic Syndromes (drug therapy)

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