Varicella zoster virus vaccines: effective, but concerns linger.

Abstract

Both varicella and herpes zoster (HZ) can cause severe disease in certain age groups. The cell-mediated immune (CMI) response to the varicella zoster virus (VZV) is critical in preventing a recurrence of VZV. The varicella vaccine has markedly decreased the morbidity and mortality associated with varicella, but concerns linger about the cost and frequency of vaccine administration and the long-term effects on both adult varicella and HZ epidemiology in the individual and in the population. Therapy for HZ with an antiviral is only partially effective. A zoster vaccine is now available that boosts the CMI immune reaction to VZV in individuals and has proven safe and partially effective in preventing both HZ and post-herpetic neuralgia. Concerns about the zoster vaccine include the costs of administration, the overall health-care costs to society, and the acceptance and implementation of the vaccine in the elderly. Because of altered immune responses to VZV as a result of universal varicella vaccination it becomes even more compelling in the future to have a zoster vaccine ready to boost the CMI response to a sufficient level to prevent HZ. The 2 vaccines are intertwined in the future epidemiology of VZV disease.

• Authors: Thomas J Liesegang
• Journal: Canadian journal of ophthalmology. Journal canadien d'ophtalmologie (Can J Ophthalmol) Vol. 44 Issue 4 Pg. 379-84 (Aug 2009) ISSN: 1715-3360 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 19606157 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)

Chemical References

• Chickenpox Vaccine
• Herpes Zoster Vaccine

Topics

• Chickenpox Vaccine (immunology)
• Drug Costs
• Health Care Costs
• Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus (prevention & control)
• Herpes Zoster Vaccine (administration & dosage, economics, immunology)
• Herpesvirus 3, Human (immunology)
• Humans
• Immunity, Cellular (physiology)