Mammalian NDR/LATS protein kinases in hippo tumor suppressor signaling.

Abstract	The NDR/LATS family of kinases is a subgroup of the AGC group of protein kinases and is conserved from lower eukaryotes to humans. Like other AGC kinases, NDR/LATS kinases require phosphorylation of conserved Ser/Thr residues for activation. On the one hand, binding of the coactivator MOB to NDR/LATS allows autophosphorylation. On the other hand, MST kinases directly phosphorylate NDR/LATS kinases. In addition to our understanding of the molecular activation mechanisms, recent studies have shown that LATS kinases play a central role in Hippo/SWH (Salvador/Warts/Hippo) tumor suppressor pathways, which coordinate cell proliferation and apoptosis by regulating proto-oncogenes, such as YAP and TAZ. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of Merlin/MST/SAV/MOB/LATS/NDR/YAP/TAZ networks (also termed mammalian Hippo signaling) and their roles in mammalian cellular transformation.
Authors	Alexander Hergovich, Brian A Hemmings
Journal	BioFactors (Oxford, England) (Biofactors) 2009 Jul-Aug Vol. 35 Issue 4 Pg. 338-45 ISSN: 1872-8081 [Electronic] Netherlands
PMID	19484742 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Review)
Chemical References	Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing Cell Cycle Proteins Drosophila Proteins Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins MOB1A protein, human MOB1B protein, human Neurofibromin 2 Nuclear Proteins SAV1 protein, human Transcription Factors Tumor Suppressor Proteins YY1AP1 protein, human Acyltransferases TAFAZZIN protein, human LATS1 protein, human STK26 protein, human LATS2 protein, human STK4 protein, human Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases STK3 protein, human STK38 protein, human STK38L protein, human Serine-Threonine Kinase 3 hpo protein, Drosophila
Topics	Acyltransferases Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing (physiology) Animals Cell Cycle Proteins (physiology) Drosophila Proteins (physiology) Gene Expression Regulation Genes, Tumor Suppressor (physiology) Humans Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins (physiology) Neurofibromin 2 (physiology) Nuclear Proteins (physiology) Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases (physiology) Serine-Threonine Kinase 3 Signal Transduction (physiology) Transcription Factors (physiology) Tumor Suppressor Proteins (physiology)

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