HOMEPRODUCTSCOMPANYCONTACTFAQResearchDictionaryPharmaSign Up FREE or Login

Grape seed extract protects IEC-6 cells from chemotherapy-induced cytotoxicity and improves parameters of small intestinal mucositis in rats with experimentally-induced mucositis.

Abstract
Mucositis is a common side-effect of high-dose chemotherapy regimens. Grape seed extract (GSE) represents a rich source of proanthocyanidins with the potential to decrease oxidative damage and inflammation within the gastrointestinal tract. We evaluated GSE for its capacity to decrease the severity of chemotherapy-induced mucositis in vitro and in vivo. In vitro: GSE was administered to IEC-6 intestinal epithelial cells prior to damage induced by 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU). Cell viability was determined by neutral red assay. In vivo: Female Dark Agouti rats (130-180 g) were gavaged with 1 ml GSE (400 mg/kg) daily (day 3-11) and received 5-FU (150 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection on day nine to induce mucositis. Rats were sacrificed at day 12 and intestinal tissues collected for myeloperoxidase and sucrase activity assays and histological analyses. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA. GSE prevented the decrease in IEC-6 cell viability induced by 5-FU (p < 0.01). Compared with 5-FU controls, GSE significantly reduced myeloperoxidase activity by 86% and 27% in the proximal jejunum (p < 0.001) and distal ileum (p < 0.05) respectively; decreased qualitative histological scores of damage (p < 0.05) in the proximal jejunum; increased villus height in the proximal jejunum (17%; p < 0.05) and distal ileum (50%; p < 0.01), and attenuated the 5-FU-induced reduction of mucosal thickness by 16% in the jejunum (p < 0.05) and 45% in the ileum (p < 0.01). GSE partially protected IEC-6 cells from 5-FU-induced cytotoxicity and ameliorated intestinal damage induced by 5-FU in rats. GSE may represent a promising prophylactic adjunct to conventional chemotherapy for preventing intestinal mucositis.
AuthorsKer Y Cheah, Gordon S Howarth, Roger Yazbeck, Tessa H Wright, Eleanor J Whitford, Caroline Payne, Ross N Butler, Susan E P Bastian
JournalCancer biology & therapy (Cancer Biol Ther) Vol. 8 Issue 4 Pg. 382-90 (Feb 2009) ISSN: 1555-8576 [Electronic] United States
PMID19305141 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References
  • Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic
  • Plant Extracts
  • Proanthocyanidins
  • Peroxidase
  • Sucrase
  • Fluorouracil
Topics
  • Animals
  • Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic (administration & dosage, toxicity)
  • Cell Line
  • Cell Survival (drug effects)
  • Female
  • Fluorouracil (administration & dosage, toxicity)
  • Humans
  • Intestine, Small (drug effects, enzymology, pathology)
  • Mucositis (chemically induced, drug therapy)
  • Neoplasms (drug therapy)
  • Peroxidase (metabolism)
  • Phytotherapy
  • Plant Extracts (therapeutic use)
  • Proanthocyanidins (therapeutic use)
  • Rats
  • Seeds
  • Sucrase (metabolism)
  • Vitis

Join CureHunter, for free Research Interface BASIC access!

Take advantage of free CureHunter research engine access to explore the best drug and treatment options for any disease. Find out why thousands of doctors, pharma researchers and patient activists around the world use CureHunter every day.
Realize the full power of the drug-disease research graph!


Choose Username:
Email:
Password:
Verify Password:
Enter Code Shown: