To understand molecular immune response of Penaeus vannamei during Taura syndrome virus (TSV)
infection, expression and functional proteomics studies were performed on
hemocyanin, which is a major abundant
protein in shrimp hemocytes. Two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) revealed up-regulation of several C-terminal fragments of
hemocyanin, whereas the N-terminal fragments were down-regulated during TSV
infection. 2-D Western blot analysis showed that the C-terminal
hemocyanin fragments had more acidic isoelectric points (pI), whereas the N-terminal fragments had less acidic pI. Further analysis by NetPhos showed a greater number of
serine phosphorylation sites in the C-terminal
hemocyanin. Additionally, motif scan using Scansite revealed ERK D-domain, which is required for activation of ERK1/2 effector
kinase, as a
kinase-binding site at the 527th
valine in the C-terminal
hemocyanin, whereas neither motif nor functional domain was found in the N-terminus. Co-immunoprecipitation confirmed the interaction between the C-terminal
hemocyanin and ERK1/2. 1-D Western blot analysis showed that ERK1/2 was also up-regulated during TSV
infection. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that ERK1/2 signaling pathway may play an important role in molecular immune response of P. vannamei upon TSV
infection through its interaction with the C-terminal
hemocyanin.