Abstract | RATIONALE: It has been proposed that an activated renin angiotensin system (RAS) causes an imbalance between the vasoconstrictive and vasodilator mechanisms involving the pulmonary circulation leading to the development of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Recent studies have indicated that angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a member of the vasoprotective axis of the RAS, plays a regulatory role in lung pathophysiology, including pulmonary fibrosis and acute lung disease. Based on these observations, we propose the hypothesis that activation of endogenous ACE2 can shift the balance from the vasoconstrictive, proliferative axis (ACE-Ang II-AT1R) to the vasoprotective axis [ACE2-Ang-(1-7)-Mas] of the RAS, resulting in the prevention of PH. OBJECTIVES: We have taken advantage of a recently discovered synthetic activator of ACE2, XNT (1-[(2-dimethylamino) ethylamino]-4-(hydroxymethyl)-7-[(4-methylphenyl) sulfonyl oxy]-9H- xanthene-9-one), to study its effects on monocrotaline-induced PH in rats to support this hypothesis. METHODS: The cardiopulmonary effects of XNT were evaluated in monocrotaline-induced PH rat model. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: CONCLUSIONS: These observations provide conceptual support that activation of ACE2 by a small molecule can be a therapeutically relevant approach for treating and controlling PH.
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Authors | Anderson J Ferreira, Vinayak Shenoy, Yoriko Yamazato, Srinivas Sriramula, Joseph Francis, Lihui Yuan, Ronald K Castellano, David A Ostrov, Suk Paul Oh, Michael J Katovich, Mohan K Raizada |
Journal | American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
(Am J Respir Crit Care Med)
Vol. 179
Issue 11
Pg. 1048-54
(Jun 01 2009)
ISSN: 1535-4970 [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 19246717
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural)
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Chemical References |
- 1-((2-dimethylamino)ethylamino)-4-(hydroxymethyl)-7-((4-methylphenyl)sulfonyloxy)-9H-xanthene-9-one
- Xanthones
- Interleukin-10
- Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
- Ace2 protein, rat
- Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2
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Topics |
- Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2
- Animals
- Hypertension, Pulmonary
(drug therapy, enzymology, physiopathology)
- Infusions, Subcutaneous
- Interleukin-10
(metabolism)
- Male
- Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
(drug effects)
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Renin-Angiotensin System
(drug effects)
- Xanthones
(administration & dosage, pharmacology)
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