Abstract | BACKGROUND: STUDY DESIGN: OBJECTIVE: METHODS: A review of the literature was performed according to the Cochrane Musculoskeletal Review Group Criteria as utilized for interventional techniques for randomized trials and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) criteria for observational studies. The level of evidence was classified as Level I, II, or III based on the quality of evidence developed by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF). Data sources included relevant literature of the English language identified through searches of PubMed and EMBASE from 1966 to November 2008, and manual searches of bibliographies of known primary and review articles. OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome measure was pain relief (short-term relief = up to 6 months and long-term > or = 6 months). Secondary outcome measures of improvement in functional status, psychological status, return to work, and reduction in opioid intake were utilized. RESULTS: LIMITATIONS: CONCLUSION:
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Authors | Ann Conn, Ricardo M Buenaventura, Sukdeb Datta, Salahadin Abdi, Sudhir Diwan |
Journal | Pain physician
(Pain Physician)
2009 Jan-Feb
Vol. 12
Issue 1
Pg. 109-35
ISSN: 1533-3159 [Print] United States |
PMID | 19165299
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Review, Systematic Review)
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Topics |
- Anesthesia, Epidural
(methods)
- Chronic Disease
- Humans
- Low Back Pain
(therapy)
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