Complications of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: evaluation with CT.

Abstract

PURPOSE:

To assess the frequency of abdominal computed tomography (CT) findings of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD)-related complications.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

CT examinations of 42 patients (23 females and 19 males; median age, 46.5 years; age range, 22-70 years) with end-stage renal disease receiving CAPD were investigated retrospectively. CT examinations were performed with a suspicion of CAPD-related complications who were admitted to dialysis unit with various complaints. Images were obtained from the level of the dome of the diaphragm to the pelvis with an 8-mm slice thickness before and after intravenous contrast injection. Oral contrast material was performed in 17 of these patients. CT peritoneography was performed in one patient.

RESULTS:

Complications of CAPD detected on CT studies included peritoneal thickening (n = 19; 45.7%), peritoneal calcifications (n = 2; 4.7%), peritoneal enhancement (n = 2; 4.7%); intraperitoneal loculation of fluids (n = 16; 38.1%), dilatation of bowels secondary to adhesions (n = 3; 7.1%); leakage of dialysis fluid adjacent to the entry site of the CAPD catheter (n = 6; 14.3%)(leaked dialysis fluid was loculated near the catheter in 4 of these patients); abscesses (n = 3; 7.1%); hernias (n = 5; 11.9%); hematomas (n = 5; 11.9%); tuberculous lymphadenitis (n = 2; 4.7%); bowel perforation (n = 2; 4.7%); ischemic bowel disease (n = 1; 2.4%); acute pancreatitis (n = 2; 4.7%); and catheter malposition (n = 1; 2.4%).

CONCLUSION:

CT of abdomen is useful in detection of CAPD-related complications. Peritoneal thickening and intraperitoneal loculation of fluids due to peritonitis were the most common complications of CAPD detected on abdominal CT.

• Authors: Banu Cakir, Ismail Kirbaş, Belma Cevik, Esra Meltem Kayahan Ulu, Ahmet Bayrak, Mehmet Coşkun
• Journal: Diagnostic and interventional radiology (Ankara, Turkey) (Diagn Interv Radiol) Vol. 14 Issue 4 Pg. 212-20 (Dec 2008) ISSN: 1305-3612 [Electronic] Turkey
• PMID: 19061167 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Contrast Media

Topics

• Adult
• Aged
• Contrast Media
• Female
• Humans
• Kidney Failure, Chronic (therapy)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Peritoneal Cavity (diagnostic imaging)
• Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory (adverse effects)
• Peritoneal Diseases (diagnostic imaging, etiology)
• Retrospective Studies
• Tomography, X-Ray Computed (methods)
• Young Adult