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Flaxseed oil prevents trans-10, cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid-induced insulin resistance in mice.

Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are found in 35 and 30 % of US adults, respectively. Trans-10, cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been found to cause both these disorders in several animal models. We hypothesised that IR and NAFLD caused by CLA result from n-3 fatty acid deficiency. Pathogen-free C57BL/6N female mice (aged 8 weeks; n 10) were fed either a control diet or diets containing trans-10, cis-12-CLA (0.5 %) or CLA+flaxseed oil (FSO) (0.5 %+0.5 %) for 8 weeks. Weights of livers, concentration of circulating insulin, values of homeostatic model 1 (HOMA1) for IR and HOMA1 for beta cell function were higher by 160, 636, 985 and 968 % in the CLA group compared with those in the control group. FSO decreased fasting glucose by 20 % and liver weights by 37 % compared with those in the CLA group; it maintained circulating insulin, HOMA1-IR and HOMA1 for beta cell function at levels found in the control group. CLA supplementation decreased n-6 and n-3 wt% concentrations of liver lipids by 57 and 73 % and increased the n-6:n-3 ratio by 58 % compared with corresponding values in the control group. FSO increased n-6 and n-3 PUFA in liver lipids by 33 and 342 % and decreased the n-6:n-3 ratio by 70 % compared with corresponding values in the CLA group. The present results suggest that some adverse effects of CLA may be due to n-3 PUFA deficiency and that these can be corrected by a concomitant increase in the intake of alpha-linolenic acid, 18 : 3n-3.
AuthorsDarshan S Kelley, Madhuri Vemuri, Yuriko Adkins, Sher Himmat S Gill, Dawn Fedor, Bruce E Mackey
JournalThe British journal of nutrition (Br J Nutr) Vol. 101 Issue 5 Pg. 701-8 (Mar 2009) ISSN: 1475-2662 [Electronic] England
PMID18710604 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.)
Chemical References
  • Blood Glucose
  • Insulin
  • Linoleic Acids, Conjugated
  • Lipids
  • trans-10,cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid
  • Linseed Oil
Topics
  • Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
  • Animals
  • Blood Glucose (metabolism)
  • Body Weight (drug effects)
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Eating (drug effects)
  • Fatty Liver (chemically induced, pathology, prevention & control)
  • Female
  • Insulin (blood)
  • Insulin Resistance (physiology)
  • Linoleic Acids, Conjugated (toxicity)
  • Linseed Oil (therapeutic use)
  • Lipid Metabolism (drug effects)
  • Lipids (blood)
  • Liver (metabolism, pathology)
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Organ Size (drug effects)

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