A pharmacokinetic study of enrofloxacin and its active metabolite ciprofloxacin after oral and intramuscular dosing of enrofloxacin in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta).

Abstract	Enrofloxacin is used for treating Shigellosis in non-human primates; however, there are no reports describing its pharmacokinetics in rhesus monkeys. Pharmacokinetic data in intended target species (rhesus) help to determine the proper dose regimen. Blood levels of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin (enrofloxacin's active metabolite), were determined after either intramuscular or oral dosing of enrofloxacin for 7 days in a cross-over study. Levels of both antibiotics were determined by solid phase extraction followed by reversed-phase chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Results indicate enrofloxacin half-life after intramuscular dosing is estimated to be 2.4 hours. Enrofloxacin given either intramuscular or p.o. rapidly achieves satisfactory therapeutic blood levels of enrofloxacin or ciprofloxacin in rhesus monkeys. Results from these pharmacokinetic study parallel values published for other animal species. Our results show use of enrofloxacin is effective in managing Shigella infections in rhesus monkeys based upon achieving these blood drug levels.
Authors	Hilton Klein, Dana Hasselschwert, Larry Handt, Michael Kastello
Journal	Journal of medical primatology (J Med Primatol) Vol. 37 Issue 4 Pg. 177-83 (Aug 2008) ISSN: 0047-2565 [Print] Denmark
PMID	18384536 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References	Anti-Infective Agents Fluoroquinolones Enrofloxacin Ciprofloxacin
Topics	Administration, Oral Animals Anti-Infective Agents (administration & dosage, blood, pharmacokinetics) Chromatography Ciprofloxacin (blood) Cross-Over Studies Drinking Dysentery, Bacillary (drug therapy, veterinary) Enrofloxacin Female Fluoroquinolones (administration & dosage, blood, pharmacokinetics) Injections, Intramuscular Macaca mulatta Male Shigella flexneri (drug effects, isolation & purification) Solid Phase Extraction Tandem Mass Spectrometry

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