HOMEPRODUCTSCOMPANYCONTACTFAQResearchDictionaryPharmaSign Up FREE or Login

Comparative usefulness of deamidated gliadin antibodies in the diagnosis of celiac disease.

AbstractBACKGROUND & AIMS:
Serologic tests are used frequently in celiac disease diagnosis. Gliadin antibodies generally lack the accuracy required for proper diagnosis. We evaluated the value of deamidated gliadin antibody measurements in the diagnosis and follow-up evaluation of celiac disease and compared their potential usefulness with that of gliadin and tissue-transglutaminase antibodies.
METHODS:
We tested deamidated gliadin, gliadin, and tissue-transglutaminase-immunoglobulin (Ig)A and -IgG in 216 biopsy-selected subjects including 92 biopsy-proven untreated celiac patients (46% with total villous atrophy and 54% with partial villous atrophy) and 124 biopsy-proven nonceliac controls. Fifty-nine celiac patients also were tested after treatment with a gluten-free diet. Antibodies were measured by commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Deamidated gliadin-IgA+G was detected using a conjugate reactive to both isotypes, which gives a positive if either isotype is present.
RESULTS:
The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of deamidated gliadin-IgA (74%, 95%, and 86%), deamidated gliadin-IgG (65%, 98%, and 84%), and deamidated gliadin-IgA+G (75%, 94%, and 86%) were superior to gliadin-IgA (63%, 90%, and 79%) (P < .05) and gliadin-IgG (42%, 90%, and 69%) (P < .01), and were similar to tissue-transglutaminase-IgA (78%, 98%, and 90%) before treatment. The sensitivity of IgA isotype for all tests was significantly greater in celiac patients with total villous atrophy compared with those with partial villous atrophy (P < .05). The proportion of positive test results for all tests decreased significantly after treatment (P < .0001).
CONCLUSIONS:
Deamidated gliadin antibody is a better diagnostic test for celiac disease than the conventional gliadin antibody testing; although histopathology remains the gold standard test for diagnosis of celiac patients.
AuthorsShadi Rashtak, Michael W Ettore, Henry A Homburger, Joseph A Murray
JournalClinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association (Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol) Vol. 6 Issue 4 Pg. 426-32; quiz 370 (Apr 2008) ISSN: 1542-7714 [Electronic] United States
PMID18304884 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References
  • Antibodies
  • Immunoglobulin A
  • Immunoglobulin G
  • Gliadin
  • Transglutaminases
Topics
  • Adult
  • Antibodies (blood)
  • Atrophy
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Celiac Disease (diagnosis, immunology)
  • Child
  • Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
  • Female
  • Gliadin (immunology)
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin A (immunology)
  • Immunoglobulin G (immunology)
  • Intestinal Mucosa (pathology)
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Transglutaminases (immunology)

Join CureHunter, for free Research Interface BASIC access!

Take advantage of free CureHunter research engine access to explore the best drug and treatment options for any disease. Find out why thousands of doctors, pharma researchers and patient activists around the world use CureHunter every day.
Realize the full power of the drug-disease research graph!


Choose Username:
Email:
Password:
Verify Password:
Enter Code Shown: