Perinatal
hyperoxia attenuates the hypoxic ventilatory response in rats by altering development of the carotid body and its chemoafferent neurons. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that
hyperoxia elicits this plasticity through the increased production of
reactive oxygen species (ROS). Rats were born and raised in 60% O(2) for the first two postnatal weeks while treated with one of two
antioxidants:
vitamin E (via milk from mothers whose diet was enriched with 1000 IU
vitamin E kg(-1)) or a
superoxide dismutase mimetic,
manganese(III) tetrakis (1-methyl-4-pyridyl)
porphyrin pentachloride (
MnTMPyP; via daily
intraperitoneal injection of 5-10 mg kg(-1)); rats were subsequently raised in room air until studied as adults. Peripheral chemoreflexes, assessed by carotid sinus nerve responses to
cyanide,
asphyxia,
anoxia and isocapnic
hypoxia (
vitamin E experiments) or by hypoxic ventilatory responses (
MnTMPyP experiments), were reduced after perinatal
hyperoxia compared to those of normoxia-reared controls (all P<0.01);
antioxidant treatment had no effect on these responses. Similarly, the carotid bodies of
hyperoxia-reared rats were only one-third the volume of carotid bodies from normoxia-reared controls (P <0.001), regardless of
antioxidant treatment.
Protein carbonyl concentrations in the blood plasma, measured as an
indicator of oxidative stress, were not increased in neonatal rats (2 and 8 days of age) exposed to 60% O(2) from birth. Collectively, these data do not support the hypothesis that perinatal
hyperoxia impairs peripheral chemoreceptor development through ROS-mediated
oxygen toxicity.