Anti-oxidized low-density lipoprotein antibodies in myeloperoxidase-positive vasculitis patients preferentially recognize hypochlorite-modified low density lipoproteins.

Abstract

Many patients surviving vasculitis are prone to accelerated atherosclerosis and often have enhanced levels of antibodies to oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL). To measure anti-oxLDL antibodies, oxidation of LDL is achieved with copper (Cu) or malondialdehyde (MDA). Because, in vivo, LDL may be oxidized with myeloperoxidase (MPO) or its product hypochlorite, we measured anti-hypochlorite LDL antibodies in patients with vasculitis, haemodialysis patients and healthy controls. A newly developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect antibodies to oxLDL as modified by hypochlorite. Results are compared with data obtained by standard LDL oxidation using MDA-LDL or Cu-LDL as substrate. Results were compared between anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) patients (n = 93), haemodialysis (HD) patients (n = 59) and healthy controls (HC; n = 43). Furthermore, patients with MPO-ANCA-associated vasculitis (n = 47) were compared with patients with proteinase 3 (PR3)-ANCA associated vasculitis (n = 46). Optimal cut-off points were determined by receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Anti-oxLDL antibodies are enhanced in AAV patients (MDA-LDL and hypochlorite-LDL) and in HD patients (hypochlorite-LDL), when compared to HC. Furthermore, patients with MPO-ANCA-associated vasculitis had higher levels of antibodies to hypochlorite-LDL than patients with PR3-ANCA-associated vasculitis. Our newly developed assay, in which hypochlorite-LDL is used as substrate, seems a more sensitive assay than traditional assays to measure oxLDL antibodies. Furthermore, our results suggest that enhanced MPO-mediated LDL oxidation occurs in patients with MPO-ANCA.

• Authors: M C Slot, R Theunissen, P van Paassen, J G M C Damoiseaux, J W Cohen Tervaert, Limburg Nephrology Working Group
• Journal: Clinical and experimental immunology (Clin Exp Immunol) Vol. 149 Issue 2 Pg. 257-64 (Aug 2007) ISSN: 0009-9104 [Print] England
• PMID: 17521320 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic
• Autoantibodies
• Lipoproteins, LDL
• oxidized low density lipoprotein
• Malondialdehyde
• Hypochlorous Acid
• Copper
• Peroxidase

Topics

• Adult
• Aged
• Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic (analysis)
• Autoantibodies (blood)
• Autoimmune Diseases (enzymology, immunology)
• Copper
• Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (methods)
• Female
• Glomerulonephritis (enzymology, immunology)
• Humans
• Hypochlorous Acid
• Lipoproteins, LDL (immunology)
• Male
• Malondialdehyde
• Middle Aged
• Oxidation-Reduction
• Peroxidase (metabolism)
• Renal Dialysis
• Vasculitis (enzymology, immunology)