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FISH and chips: chromosomal analysis on microfluidic platforms.

Abstract
Interphase fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) is a sensitive diagnostic tool used for the detection of alterations in the genome on cell-by-cell basis. However, the cost-per-test and the technical complexity of current FISH protocols have slowed its widespread utilisation in clinical settings. For many cancers, the lack of a cost-effective and informative diagnostic method has compromised the quality of life for patients. We present the first demonstration of a microchip-based FISH protocol, coupled with a novel method to immobilise peripheral blood mononuclear cells inside microfluidic channels. These first on-chip implementations of FISH allow several chromosomal abnormalities associated with multiple myeloma to be detected with a ten-fold higher throughput and 1/10-th the reagent consumption of the traditional slide-based method. Moreover, the chip test is performed within hours whereas the conventional protocol required days. In addition, two on-chip methods to enhance the hybridisation aspects of FISH have been examined: mechanical and electrokinetic pumping. Similar agitation methods have led to significant improvements in hybridisation efficiency with DNA microarray work, but with this cell-based method the benefits were moderate. On-chip FISH technology holds promise for sophisticated and cost-effective screening of cancer patients at every clinic visit.
AuthorsV J Sieben, C S Debes Marun, P M Pilarski, G V Kaigala, L M Pilarski, C J Backhouse
JournalIET nanobiotechnology (IET Nanobiotechnol) Vol. 1 Issue 3 Pg. 27-35 (Jun 2007) ISSN: 1751-8741 [Print] United States
PMID17506594 (Publication Type: Evaluation Study, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References
  • DNA, Neoplasm
Topics
  • Cytogenetic Analysis (instrumentation, methods)
  • DNA, Neoplasm (genetics)
  • Equipment Design
  • Equipment Failure Analysis
  • Humans
  • In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence (instrumentation, methods)
  • Microfluidic Analytical Techniques (instrumentation, methods)
  • Multiple Myeloma (diagnosis, genetics)
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Tumor Cells, Cultured

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