Astrocytic activation in relation to inflammatory markers during clinical exacerbation of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

Abstract	The study aimed to assay the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of protein S100B, a biomarker of astrocyte activation in relation to kynurenic acid (KYNA) and nitric oxide (NO) metabolites, nitrate/nitrite (NOx) concentrations in acute relapse multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Twenty relapsing-remitting MS (RR-MS) patients and 10 controls were enrolled. RR-MS patients were assessed on the expanded disability status scale (EDSS) and underwent lumbar puncture. The CSF KYNA, NOx and S100B levels were significantly higher in RR-MS group compared to controls (p = 0.01, 0.001, 0.04, respectively). There was a significant correlation between CSF S100B and KYNA (p = 0.01) but not NOx (p > 0.05) in RR-MS. CSF KYNA, NOx or S100B concentrations did not correlate with disease characteristics of MS patients. Our study suggests the activation of the kynurenine pathway leading to the increase of neuroprotective KYNA in the CSF of MS patients during acute relapse what contrasts with chronic phases of the disease.
Authors	K Rejdak, A Petzold, T Kocki, J Kurzepa, P Grieb, W A Turski, Z Stelmasiak
Journal	Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) (J Neural Transm (Vienna)) Vol. 114 Issue 8 Pg. 1011-5 ( 2007) ISSN: 0300-9564 [Print] Austria
PMID	17393066 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
Chemical References	Biomarkers Nerve Growth Factors Nitrates Nitrites S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit S100 Proteins S100B protein, human Nitric Oxide Kynurenic Acid
Topics	Acute Disease Adult Astrocytes (immunology, metabolism) Biomarkers (analysis, cerebrospinal fluid) Brain (immunology, metabolism, physiopathology) Encephalitis (cerebrospinal fluid, immunology, physiopathology) Female Gliosis (cerebrospinal fluid, immunology, physiopathology) Humans Kynurenic Acid (analysis, cerebrospinal fluid) Male Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting (cerebrospinal fluid, immunology, physiopathology) Nerve Growth Factors (analysis, cerebrospinal fluid) Nitrates (analysis, cerebrospinal fluid) Nitric Oxide (metabolism) Nitrites (analysis, cerebrospinal fluid) Predictive Value of Tests Recurrence S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit S100 Proteins (analysis, cerebrospinal fluid) Sensitivity and Specificity

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