Chronic inflammation: importance of NOD2 and NALP3 in interleukin-1beta generation.

Abstract

Inflammation is part of the non-specific immune response that occurs in reaction to any type of bodily injury. In some disorders, the inflammatory process - which under normal conditions is self-limiting - becomes continuous and chronic inflammatory diseases might develop subsequently. Pattern recognition molecules (PRMs) represent a diverse collection of molecules responsible for sensing danger signals, and together with other immune components they are involved in the first line of defence. NALP3 and NOD2, which belong to a cytosolic subgroup of PRMs, dubbed Nod-like-receptors (NLRs), have been associated recently with inflammatory diseases, specifically Crohn's disease and Blau syndrome (NOD2) and familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome, Muckle-Wells syndrome and chronic infantile neurological cutaneous and articular syndrome (NALP3). The exact effects of the defective proteins are not fully understood, but activation of nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB, transcription, production and secretion of interleukin (IL)-1beta and activation of the inflammasome are some of the processes that might hold clues, and the present review will provide a thorough update in this area.

• Authors: L Ferrero-Miliani, O H Nielsen, P S Andersen, S E Girardin
• Journal: Clinical and experimental immunology (Clin Exp Immunol) Vol. 147 Issue 2 Pg. 227-35 (Feb 2007) ISSN: 0009-9104 [Print] England
• PMID: 17223962 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Review)

Chemical References

• Carrier Proteins
• Interleukin-1beta
• NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein
• NLRP3 protein, human
• Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein

Topics

• Carrier Proteins (immunology)
• Chronic Disease
• Crohn Disease (immunology)
• Humans
• Inflammation (immunology)
• Interleukin-1beta (biosynthesis)
• NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein
• Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein (immunology)
• Signal Transduction (immunology)