Effects of diesel exhaust particles on cytokine production by splenocytes stimulated with lipopolysaccharide.

Abstract

It was previously shown that pulmonary exposure of mice to diesel exhaust particles (DEP) enhances inflammatory conditions induced by allergens or bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide: LPS) via enhanced local expression of cytokines. However, resolution of the underlying mechanisms, in which DEP exaggerate inflammation, remains uncompleted. Investigation of the actions of DEP on mouse-derived mononuclear cells may provide a clue to the mechanisms, because mononuclear cells produce and release several types of cytokines. The present study elucidated the effects of DEP on mononuclear cell reactions stimulated with LPS in vitro. ICR mouse-derived mononuclear cells, isolated from splenocytes, one of the secondary lymphoid tissues, were co-cultured with LPS (1 microg ml(-1)) and DEP (1, 10 or 100 microg ml(-1)). The protein levels of interferon (IFN)-gamma, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-10, and IL-13 in the culture supernatants were measured 72 h after the co-culture. LPS significantly increased the protein levels of IFN-gamma, IL-2 and IL-10. In the presence of LPS, DEP decreased the protein levels in a concentration-dependent manner with an overall trend, whereas DEP (1, 10 microg ml(-1)) moderately elevated the IL-13 level. These results suggest that DEP suppress cytokine production from mononuclear cells stimulated with LPS and provide a possible hint for DEP facilitation on inflammatory conditions, especially related to Th2 response, in vivo.

• Authors: Ken-ichiro Inoue, Hirohisa Takano, Rie Yanagisawa, Miho Sakurai, Naoko Ueki, Toshikazu Yoshikawa
• Journal: Journal of applied toxicology : JAT (J Appl Toxicol) 2007 Jan-Feb Vol. 27 Issue 1 Pg. 95-100 ISSN: 0260-437X [Print] England
• PMID: 17177176 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Chemical References

• Cytokines
• Interleukin-13
• Interleukin-2
• Lipopolysaccharides
• Particulate Matter
• Vehicle Emissions
• Interleukin-10
• Interferon-gamma

Topics

• Animals
• Cells, Cultured
• Cytokines (metabolism)
• Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
• Interferon-gamma (metabolism)
• Interleukin-10 (metabolism)
• Interleukin-13 (metabolism)
• Interleukin-2 (metabolism)
• Leukocytes, Mononuclear (drug effects, metabolism)
• Lipopolysaccharides (pharmacology)
• Male
• Mice
• Mice, Inbred ICR
• Particulate Matter (toxicity)
• Spleen (cytology, drug effects, metabolism)
• Th1 Cells (drug effects, metabolism)
• Th2 Cells (drug effects, metabolism)
• Time Factors
• Vehicle Emissions (toxicity)