Endotoxin tolerance differentially alters hemodynamic responses to a thromboxane A2 mimetic and phenylephrine.

Abstract

Repeated sublethal doses of endotoxin render rats tolerant to lethal doses of endotoxin and reduce thromboxane (Tx) A2 synthesis. Endotoxin-tolerant rats are also more resistant to lethal doses of U46619, a stable TxA2 mimetic. These observations raised the possibility that tolerance may alter hemodynamic responses to TxA2 via one or more mechanisms. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) responses to i.v. injections of the stable TxA2 mimetic U46619 at doses ranging from 0.17 to 8.4 micrograms/kg were determined. Despite an initial lower systemic vascular resistance in tolerant rats compared to control rats (2.4 +/- 0.3 vs 3.1 +/- 0.2 mm Hg/ml/min/100 g of body weight, respectively, p less than 0.05), the maximum pressor response to U46619 was significantly greater (p less than 0.05) at the higher doses of U46619 in tolerant rats compared to control rats. Tolerant and control rats also exhibited qualitatively different changes in MAP in response to U46619. Control rats manifested an initial hypotensive response (15 s) not observed in tolerant rats. In contrast, tolerant rats exhibited no depressor response, but a higher peak pressor response to U46619 than that seen in controls. Since prostaglandins may modulate vascular responses to U46619, subsequent studies were conducted in indomethacin-pretreated or essential fatty acid (EFA) deficient rats that were depleted of arachidonic acid substrate. Either indomethacin or EFA deficiency significantly prevented the initial hypotensive response in control rats, suggesting that prostaglandins may mediate this response to U46619. In additional studies, the MAP response in tolerant and control rats to the alpha 1-adrenergic agonist phenylephrine was determined.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

• Authors: K A Coffee, P V Halushka, W C Wise, G E Tempel, J A Cook
• Journal: Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology (J Cardiovasc Pharmacol) Vol. 17 Issue 1 Pg. 20-6 (Jan 1991) ISSN: 0160-2446 [Print] United States
• PMID: 1708052 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.)

Chemical References

• Adrenergic alpha-Agonists
• Arachidonic Acids
• Endotoxins
• Fatty Acids
• Prostaglandin Endoperoxides, Synthetic
• Phenylephrine
• Arachidonic Acid
• Thromboxane A2
• Indomethacin

Topics

• Adrenergic alpha-Agonists (pharmacology)
• Animals
• Arachidonic Acid
• Arachidonic Acids (pharmacology)
• Blood Pressure (drug effects)
• Cardiac Output (drug effects)
• Drug Tolerance
• Endotoxins (toxicity)
• Fatty Acids (metabolism)
• Female
• Hemodynamics (drug effects)
• Indomethacin (pharmacology)
• Phenylephrine (pharmacology)
• Prostaglandin Endoperoxides, Synthetic (pharmacology)
• Rats
• Thromboxane A2 (physiology)
• Vascular Resistance (drug effects)