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PDGF-C participates in branchial arch morphogenesis and is down-regulated by retinoic acid.

Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA) is a teratogen that induces a variety of craniofacial abnormalities, including branchial arch deformities and cleft palate. Platelet-derived growth factor C (PDGF-C) is a recently identified member of the PDGF family. PDGF-C contributes to normal development of the heart, central nervous system, kidney and palatogenesis. But the roles of PDGF-C in branchial arches development and the relationship between PDGF-C and RA-induced branchial arches abnormalities are poorly understood. We examined the effects of RA on PDGF-C and its receptor PDGFR-alpha expressions. We demonstrated that administration of RA to mouse embryos resulted in dramatic losses of PDGF-C and its receptor PDGFR-alpha. Furthermore, we confirmed that blocking PDGF-C signaling by anti-PDGF-C neutralization antibody led to branchial arch malformations similar to that of RA induced, both hypoplastic branchial arches and FBA. These findings suggest the down-regulation of PDGF-C may be one of mechanisms of branchial arch abnormalities induced by RA and PDGF-C signaling is required for branchial arch morphogenesis.
AuthorsJing Han, Li Li, Zhaofeng Zhang, Ying Xiao, Jiuxiang Lin, Yong Li
JournalToxicology letters (Toxicol Lett) Vol. 166 Issue 3 Pg. 248-54 (Oct 25 2006) ISSN: 0378-4274 [Print] Netherlands
PMID16956736 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References
  • Lymphokines
  • Platelet-Derived Growth Factor
  • platelet-derived growth factor C
  • Tretinoin
  • RNA
Topics
  • Animals
  • Blotting, Western
  • Branchial Region (abnormalities, drug effects, growth & development)
  • Down-Regulation (drug effects)
  • Embryo Culture Techniques
  • Female
  • Lymphokines (biosynthesis, physiology)
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred ICR
  • Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
  • Morphogenesis (drug effects)
  • Platelet-Derived Growth Factor (biosynthesis, physiology)
  • RNA (biosynthesis, genetics)
  • Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Signal Transduction (drug effects)
  • Tretinoin (pharmacology)

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