The reactivating and therapeutic efficacy of oximes to counteract Russian VX poisonings.

Abstract	Russian VX (O-isobutyl-S-(2-diethylaminoethyl)methylphosphonothioate) is the structural analogue of VX agent. It differs from VX agent (O-ethyl-S-(2-diisopropylaminoethyl) methylphosphonothioate) by two alkyl groups. The potency of currently available oximes (pralidoxime, obidoxime, HI-6) to reactivate Russian VX-inhibited acetylcholinesterase and to eliminate Russian VX-induced acute toxic effects was evaluated using in vivo methods. In vivo determined percentage of reactivation of Russian VX-inhibited blood and brain acetylcholinesterase in poisoned rats shows that HI-6 seems to be the most efficacious reactivator of Russian VX-inhibited acetylcholinesterase among currently used oximes in the peripheral compartment, whereas no difference between reactivating efficacy of all tested oximes was observed in the central compartment. The oxime HI-6 was also found to be the most efficacious oxime in the elimination of acute lethal toxic effects in Russian VX-poisoned mice among all studied oximes. Thus, the oxime HI-6 seems to be the most suitable oxime for the antidotal treatment of acute poisonings with Russian VX as in the case of VX, sarin, cyclosarin, and soman poisonings.
Authors	Jiri Kassa, Daniel Jun, Kamil Kuca
Journal	International journal of toxicology (Int J Toxicol) 2006 Sep-Oct Vol. 25 Issue 5 Pg. 397-401 ISSN: 1091-5818 [Print] United States
PMID	16940011 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References	Antidotes Chemical Warfare Agents Cholinesterase Inhibitors Cholinesterase Reactivators Organothiophosphorus Compounds Oximes Pralidoxime Compounds Pyridinium Compounds Obidoxime Chloride Atropine Acetylcholinesterase asoxime chloride S-(N,N-diethylaminoethyl) isobutyl methylphosphothiolate pralidoxime
Topics	Acetylcholinesterase (blood, metabolism) Animals Antidotes (pharmacology) Atropine (pharmacology) Brain (metabolism) Chemical Warfare Agents (toxicity) Cholinesterase Inhibitors (toxicity) Cholinesterase Reactivators (pharmacology) Lethal Dose 50 Male Mice Mice, Inbred Strains Obidoxime Chloride (pharmacology) Organothiophosphorus Compounds (toxicity) Oximes Pralidoxime Compounds (pharmacology) Pyridinium Compounds (pharmacology) Rats Rats, Wistar

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