The reactivating and therapeutic efficacy of oximes to counteract Russian VX poisonings.

Abstract

Russian VX (O-isobutyl-S-(2-diethylaminoethyl)methylphosphonothioate) is the structural analogue of VX agent. It differs from VX agent (O-ethyl-S-(2-diisopropylaminoethyl) methylphosphonothioate) by two alkyl groups. The potency of currently available oximes (pralidoxime, obidoxime, HI-6) to reactivate Russian VX-inhibited acetylcholinesterase and to eliminate Russian VX-induced acute toxic effects was evaluated using in vivo methods. In vivo determined percentage of reactivation of Russian VX-inhibited blood and brain acetylcholinesterase in poisoned rats shows that HI-6 seems to be the most efficacious reactivator of Russian VX-inhibited acetylcholinesterase among currently used oximes in the peripheral compartment, whereas no difference between reactivating efficacy of all tested oximes was observed in the central compartment. The oxime HI-6 was also found to be the most efficacious oxime in the elimination of acute lethal toxic effects in Russian VX-poisoned mice among all studied oximes. Thus, the oxime HI-6 seems to be the most suitable oxime for the antidotal treatment of acute poisonings with Russian VX as in the case of VX, sarin, cyclosarin, and soman poisonings.

• Authors: Jiri Kassa, Daniel Jun, Kamil Kuca
• Journal: International journal of toxicology (Int J Toxicol) 2006 Sep-Oct Vol. 25 Issue 5 Pg. 397-401 ISSN: 1091-5818 [Print] United States
• PMID: 16940011 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Antidotes
• Chemical Warfare Agents
• Cholinesterase Inhibitors
• Cholinesterase Reactivators
• Organothiophosphorus Compounds
• Oximes
• Pralidoxime Compounds
• Pyridinium Compounds
• S-(N,N-diethylaminoethyl) isobutyl methylphosphothiolate
• Obidoxime Chloride
• Atropine
• Acetylcholinesterase
• asoxime chloride
• pralidoxime

Topics

• Acetylcholinesterase (blood, metabolism)
• Animals
• Antidotes (pharmacology)
• Atropine (pharmacology)
• Brain (metabolism)
• Chemical Warfare Agents (toxicity)
• Cholinesterase Inhibitors (toxicity)
• Cholinesterase Reactivators (pharmacology)
• Lethal Dose 50
• Male
• Mice
• Mice, Inbred Strains
• Obidoxime Chloride (pharmacology)
• Organothiophosphorus Compounds (toxicity)
• Oximes
• Pralidoxime Compounds (pharmacology)
• Pyridinium Compounds (pharmacology)
• Rats
• Rats, Wistar