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Identification of a new family of spinocerebellar ataxia type 14 in the Japanese spinocerebellar ataxia population by the screening of PRKCG exon 4.

Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 14 (SCA14) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cerebellar ataxia and intermittent axial myoclonus. Various mutations have been found in the PRKCG gene encoding protein kinase C gamma in SCA14 families. Most of those mutations have been found in exon 4 of the PRKCG gene. We performed polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based screening to clarify the approximate morbidity rate of the disease in the Japanese SCA population. We screened exon 4 of the PRKCG gene in 882 SCA patients with undefined etiologies using denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography and subsequent direct sequencing. We found a novel C/T missense mutation with a Ser119-to-Phe substitution (S119F) in 2 patients and subsequently found that they belonged to the same family. This S119F mutation was not found in 259 control individuals. Further PCR-based analysis revealed an additional 5 members with the same mutation in this family. Cerebellar ataxia was manifested in 5 of those 7 members. The main symptom in 4 of the 5 affected members was pure cerebellar ataxia with late onset. They had no myoclonus, extrapyramidal signs, ophthalmoplegia, or intellectual disturbance, some of which were found in previously reported SCA families. One patient showed intractable epilepsy, severe walking disturbance, and trunk ataxia with early onset. The results of this study suggest that the frequency of SCA14 in the Japanese SCA population is very low.
AuthorsKeiko Hiramoto, Hideshi Kawakami, Kimiko Inoue, Takahiro Seki, Hirofumi Maruyama, Hiroyuki Morino, Masayasu Matsumoto, Kaoru Kurisu, Norio Sakai
JournalMovement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society (Mov Disord) Vol. 21 Issue 9 Pg. 1355-60 (Sep 2006) ISSN: 0885-3185 [Print] United States
PMID16763984 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Copyright(c) 2006 Movement Disorder Society.
Chemical References
  • Serine
  • Phenylalanine
  • protein kinase C gamma
  • Protein Kinase C
Topics
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Amino Acid Substitution (genetics)
  • Brain (pathology)
  • DNA Mutational Analysis
  • Exons
  • Female
  • Genetic Testing
  • Humans
  • Introns
  • Japan
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Mutation, Missense
  • Pedigree
  • Phenylalanine (genetics)
  • Point Mutation
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Polymorphism, Genetic (genetics)
  • Protein Kinase C (genetics)
  • Serine (genetics)
  • Spinocerebellar Ataxias (diagnosis, genetics)

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