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A study of loculated tuberculous pleural effusions treated with intrapleural urokinase.

AbstractAIM:
To assess the effect of intrapleural urokinase, vis-à-vis simple pleural drainage, on residual pleural thickening in a series of patients suffering from loculated tuberculous pleural effusion.
PATIENTS AND METHOD:
Twenty-nine patients (21 males and 8 females) with loculated pleural effusion were studied. These patients were randomly allocated to one of two groups: one group received intrapleural urokinase (n=12) and the other was treated by simple drainage with suction (n=17). The urokinase (125,000 UI) was administered into the pleural cavity via an intrathoracic tube. This procedure was repeated every 12h until the quantity of pleural fluid obtained was less than 50 cm3, at which point the intrathoracic tube was removed.
RESULTS:
In both groups, the biochemical analysis of the pleural fluid was an exudate and the fluid had a serous appearance. Pleural thickening when the drainage tube was removed was 8.09+/-3.36 mm for the group treated with urokinase, and 14.78+/-17.20mm (P>0.05) for the control group. Residual pleural thickening measured upon completion of medical treatment at 6 months was 1.45+/-0.89 mm for the group treated with urokinase and 7.47+/-10.95 mm for the control group (P<0.05). In the control group, only two patients presented over 10mm of residual pleural thickening. The mean quantity of fluid drained in the two groups was 1.487+/-711 ml for the patients with urokinase, and 795+/-519 ml for the control group (P<0.01).
CONCLUSION:
Our study shows that patients with loculated tuberculous pleural effusion treated with urokinase suffered less from residual pleural thickening, as measured after six months, than those treated by simple drainage. It is therefore suggested that the administration of intrapleural urokinase is a safe and effective treatment for those patients who drain a larger quantity of pleural fluid.
AuthorsEnrique Cases Viedma, María José Lorenzo Dus, Andrés González-Molina, José Luis Sanchis Aldás
JournalRespiratory medicine (Respir Med) Vol. 100 Issue 11 Pg. 2037-42 (Nov 2006) ISSN: 0954-6111 [Print] England
PMID16580190 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References
  • Fibrinolytic Agents
  • Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator
Topics
  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Drainage (methods)
  • Exudates and Transudates (chemistry)
  • Female
  • Fibrinolytic Agents (administration & dosage)
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Paracentesis (methods)
  • Pleura (pathology)
  • Pleural Effusion (drug therapy, pathology, therapy)
  • Prospective Studies
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Tuberculosis, Pleural (drug therapy, pathology, therapy)
  • Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator (administration & dosage)

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