HOMEPRODUCTSCOMPANYCONTACTFAQResearchDictionaryPharmaSign Up FREE or Login

Treatment of US crotalidae bites: comparisons of serum and globulin-based polyvalent and antigen-binding fragment antivenins.

Abstract
In the US, two antivenins are marketed for the treatment of snake envenomation. The horse-derived serum-globulin-based Antivenin (Crotalidae) Polyvalent (ACP) has been available since 1954. There are few data on the efficacy and incidence of adverse events that occur following the administration of ACP. Most of the data are retrospective, anecdotal, or case reports. In 2000, ovine-derived serum-globulin-based ACP (Crofab) became available. Crofab is said to cause fewer reactions than ACP, but there are few comparative data to substantiate this claim. Although both antivenins ameliorate the systemic symptoms following snake envenomation, the efficacy of either antivenin in decreasing oedema and swelling is unknown for a number of reasons. Clinical trials are small and have not included control arms. The degree of oedema, as well as the efficacy of the antivenin in decreasing oedema, may depend on the genera of the snake (usually unknown) that envenomated the patient. This article compares available data on clinical aspects of the two antivenins. More prospective data are needed to determine the comparative efficacy of the two antivenins, or the efficacy of Crofab in preventing tissue oedema. There are still unanswered questions regarding the optimal dosing regimen of Crofab.
AuthorsDonna Seger, Stephen Kahn, Edward P Krenzelok
JournalToxicological reviews (Toxicol Rev) Vol. 24 Issue 4 Pg. 217-27 ( 2005) ISSN: 1176-2551 [Print] New Zealand
PMID16499404 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Review)
Chemical References
  • Antivenins
  • Crotalidae Polyvalent immune Fab
  • Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments
  • Immunoglobulin Fragments
Topics
  • Animals
  • Antivenins (administration & dosage, adverse effects, therapeutic use)
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments
  • Immunoglobulin Fragments (administration & dosage, adverse effects, therapeutic use)
  • Snake Bites (blood, immunology, therapy)
  • United States
  • Viperidae

Join CureHunter, for free Research Interface BASIC access!

Take advantage of free CureHunter research engine access to explore the best drug and treatment options for any disease. Find out why thousands of doctors, pharma researchers and patient activists around the world use CureHunter every day.
Realize the full power of the drug-disease research graph!


Choose Username:
Email:
Password:
Verify Password:
Enter Code Shown: