Examination of tetrachlorosalicylanilide (TCSA) photoallergy using in vitro photohapten-modified Langerhans cell-enriched epidermal cells.

Abstract

Lymphocytes from BALB/c mice photosensitized in vivo to tetrachlorosalicylanilide (TCSA) were investigated to determine whether they could be stimulated to proliferate when cultured with Langerhans cell-enriched cultured epidermal cells (LC-EC) photohapten-modified in vitro with TCSA + UVA radiation. Cultured LC-EC were photohapten-modified in vitro by irradiation in TCSA-containing medium using a 1000-watt solar simulator equipped with filters to deliver primarily UVA radiation (320-400 nm). Lymphocytes from TCSA-photosensitized mice were incubated with LC-EC that had been treated in vitro with 0.1 mM TCSA and 2 J/cm2 UVA radiation (TCSA + UVA). Responder lymphocytes demonstrated a significant increase in their blastogenesis response compared to lymphocytes that were incubated with LC-EC irradiated with UVA prior to treatment with TCSA (UVA/TCSA) or with LC-EC that had received no treatment. Lymphocytes from naive mice or mice photosensitized with musk ambrette (MA) demonstrated a significantly lower response to LC-EC modified with TCSA + UVA, indicating the specificity of the response. Maximum blastogenesis response was achieved when LC-EC were treated with 0.1 mM TCSA and a UVA radiation dose of at least 0.5 J/cm2. Epidermal cells depleted of LC by treatment with anti-Ia antibody plus complement or by an adherence procedure were unable to stimulate this blastogenesis response. Epidermal cells treated in vitro with TCSA + UVA demonstrated enhanced fluorescence compared to control cells. The fluorescence observed was not restricted to any specific epidermal cell type; however, fluorescence microscopy studies revealed that dendritic Ia-positive cells, presumably LC, were also TCSA fluorescent. Flow cytometry showed that Ia-positive epidermal cells demonstrated the greatest UV fluorescence when treated with TCSA + UVA compared to both cells irradiated with UVA and subsequently treated with TCSA and untreated cells. This is consistent with the enhanced antigen presentation capability of TCSA + UVA treated LC-EC, which leads to the conclusion that LC photohapten-modified in vitro with TCSA + UVA demonstrate enhanced TCSA fluorescence and are capable of stimulating lymphocytes from TCSA photosensitized mice in an antigen-specific manner.

• Authors: G F Gerberick, C A Ryan, E C Von Bargen, S B Stuard, G M Ridder
• Journal: The Journal of investigative dermatology (J Invest Dermatol) Vol. 97 Issue 2 Pg. 210-8 (Aug 1991) ISSN: 0022-202X [Print] United States
• PMID: 1649226 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Antibodies, Monoclonal
• Haptens
• Histocompatibility Antigens Class II
• Salicylanilides
• 3,3',4',5-tetrachlorosalicylanilide

Topics

• Animals
• Antibodies, Monoclonal (immunology)
• Antigen-Presenting Cells (immunology)
• Cells, Cultured
• Dermatitis, Contact (etiology, immunology, pathology)
• Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
• Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation
• Epidermal Cells
• Epidermis (immunology, radiation effects)
• Female
• Flow Cytometry
• Haptens (pharmacology)
• Histocompatibility Antigens Class II (immunology)
• Langerhans Cells (cytology, immunology)
• Lymphocyte Activation (drug effects, radiation effects)
• Lymphocytes (drug effects, radiation effects)
• Mice
• Mice, Inbred BALB C
• Microscopy, Fluorescence
• Photosensitivity Disorders (chemically induced, immunology, pathology)
• Salicylanilides (pharmacology)
• Ultraviolet Rays