Sudden blastic transformation in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia treated with imatinib mesylate.

Abstract

Sudden blastic transformation (SBT) has been reported in 0.5% to 2.5% of patients treated with interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) during the first 3 years of therapy. Imatinib is now standard therapy for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase. We investigated the occurrence of SBT among patients treated with imatinib. Among 541 patients treated with imatinib in chronic phase, 23 developed blast phase, which was of sudden onset (ie, occurring in patients previously in complete cytogenetic remission) in 4 patients (17%; 0.7% of the total), 2 lymphoid and 2 myeloid. Patients with SBT were found to have low-risk features more often at the time of presentation and had achieved optimal response with imatinib. Three of the 4 patients underwent allogeneic stem cell transplantation and achieved a molecular remission. SBT is still a rare event, probably less common than that observed with IFN-alpha therapy. Continuous monitoring of patients treated with imatinib is mandatory.

• Authors: Elias Jabbour, Hagop Kantarjian, Susan O'Brien, Mary Beth Rios, Lynne Abruzzo, Srdan Verstovsek, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Jorge Cortes
• Journal: Blood (Blood) Vol. 107 Issue 2 Pg. 480-2 (Jan 15 2006) ISSN: 0006-4971 [Print] United States
• PMID: 16195326 (Publication Type: Case Reports, Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Antineoplastic Agents
• Benzamides
• Piperazines
• Pyrimidines
• Imatinib Mesylate
• Protein-Tyrosine Kinases

Topics

• Adult
• Antineoplastic Agents (adverse effects)
• Benzamides
• Blast Crisis (chemically induced, therapy)
• Cytogenetic Analysis
• Disease-Free Survival
• Female
• Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
• Humans
• Imatinib Mesylate
• Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive (drug therapy, pathology)
• Lymphocyte Activation
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Neoplasm Recurrence, Local (etiology, therapy)
• Piperazines (adverse effects)
• Protein-Tyrosine Kinases (antagonists & inhibitors)
• Pyrimidines (adverse effects)
• Remission Induction
• Survival Rate
• Transplantation, Homologous