Charles Bonnet syndrome (CBS) is characterised by the triad of complex
visual hallucinations, ocular pathology causing visual deterioration and preserved cognitive status. We report a case of a 62-year-old man with a brief history of
visual hallucinations. The patient complained of
amaurosis with optic nerve
atrophy in his left eye and a severe impairment of visual acuity in the right and suddenly experienced complex, vivid, elaborate and coloured
visual hallucinations persisting long after eye closure and stopping during sleep. The patient maintained his insight, criticising these visions as unreal and felt distressed by them.
Hallucination onset was 3 days before hospital admission. No
cognitive impairment and no diseases apart from
prostatic adenoma treated with alpha-lythic
therapy were reported. Neurological examination and neuroimaging data were normal.
Therapy with
olanzapine (OLZ) 5 mg/day led to a progressive clearance of
visual hallucinations in seven days and was gradually reduced and withdrawn. Three months later the visions reappeared and OLZ 5 mg/day yielded a persisting remission so that at the follow-up examination after 1 year on
therapy the patient is still asymptomatic. To date, no established treatment for CBS is stated and in some patients the
hallucinations fade spontaneously; in our case an
antipsychotic therapy with OLZ was effective while generally
anticonvulsant drugs with different mechanism of action such as
carbamazepine,
valproate and
gabapentin are proposed.