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Contributions of biochemistry to the pathogenesis of primary headaches.

Abstract
We briefly summarise biochemical anomalies of serotonin, norepinephrine, glutamic and aspartic acids, the main neurotransmitters of inhibitory and excitatory neuronal circuitries, found in primary headaches and their relationship with pathogenesis of migraine and cluster headache (CH). In addition, the high levels of circulating tyramine, octopamine and synephrine (elusive amines), recently reported in both migraine types and CH, are discussed in relation to the other "classic" amines findings. In particular it is suggested how abnormal levels of elusive amines may participate in the pathophysiology of migraine and CH acting through their specific trace amine receptors and alpha and beta receptors. The possible hypothesis that emerges from the analysis of these biochemical findings is that an imbalance of systems, with opposite neurophysiological functions related to the pain and other yet unknown functions, may constitute the biochemical phenotype of migraine with and without aura, and CH.
AuthorsG D'Andrea, F Perini, S Terrazzino, G P Nordera
JournalNeurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology (Neurol Sci) Vol. 25 Suppl 3 Pg. S89-92 (Oct 2004) ISSN: 1590-1874 [Print] Italy
PMID15549577 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)
Chemical References
  • Catecholamines
  • Excitatory Amino Acids
  • Serotonin
  • Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid
Topics
  • Brain Chemistry (physiology)
  • Catecholamines (metabolism)
  • Excitatory Amino Acids (metabolism)
  • Headache (etiology, metabolism)
  • Humans
  • Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid (metabolism)
  • Serotonin (metabolism)

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