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Bevacizumab for patients with metastatic renal cancer: an update.

Abstract
Most clear cell renal cell cancer (RCC) is caused by biallelic loss of the von Hippel-Lindau gene. One consequence of this loss is up-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor via a pathway involving accumulation of hypoxia inducible factor. Vascular endothelial growth factor, a potent angiogenic factor, is secreted by many human cancers, but clear cell RCC as a group produces particularly high levels and has a highly vascular histologic appearance. In a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial, we tested the use of a neutralizing antibody to vascular endothelial growth factor, bevacizumab, in patients with metastatic RCC. At 3 or 10 mg/kg every 2 weeks, toxic effects were minimal, with hypertension and proteinuria the most substantial events. There were four partial responses (10% response rate) and a highly substantial prolongation of time to tumor progression in patients who received the higher dose of bevacizumab. With a crossover design and very sensitive criteria for disease progression, no difference in survival was shown. Four patients have been undergoing long-term bevacizumab therapy without tumor progression for 3 to 5 years. Three have substantial proteinuria but retain normal renal function. A small pilot trial combining bevacizumab and thalidomide showed no unexpected toxic effects. Future trials should consider combination therapies and strategies in which patients are treated through initial disease progression with antiangiogenic agents such as bevacizumab.
AuthorsJames C Yang
JournalClinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research (Clin Cancer Res) Vol. 10 Issue 18 Pt 2 Pg. 6367S-70S (Sep 15 2004) ISSN: 1078-0432 [Print] United States
PMID15448032 (Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Comparative Study, Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Review)
Chemical References
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Tumor Suppressor Proteins
  • Bevacizumab
  • Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases
  • Von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppressor Protein
  • VHL protein, human
Topics
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal (therapeutic use)
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
  • Antineoplastic Agents (therapeutic use)
  • Bevacizumab
  • Carcinoma, Renal Cell (drug therapy, genetics, immunology, pathology)
  • Humans
  • Kidney Neoplasms (drug therapy, genetics, immunology, pathology)
  • Neoplasm Metastasis
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
  • Tumor Suppressor Proteins (genetics)
  • Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases (genetics)
  • Von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppressor Protein
  • von Hippel-Lindau Disease (genetics)

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