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Apolipoprotein E structure and substrate and receptor-binding activities of triglyceride-rich human plasma lipoproteins in normo- and hypertriglyceridemia.

Abstract
Cysteine-arginine interchanges along the primary sequence of human plasma apolipoprotein E (apoE) play an important role in determining its biological functions due to a high mutation frequency of cytosine in CGX triplet that codes 33 of 34 apolipoprotein arginine residues. The contribution of apoE secondary structure to apolipoprotein-lipid interaction is described. The significance of apolipoprotein in triglyceride synthesis, lipoprotein lipolysis, and receptor-mediated clearance of lipolytic remnants of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins is discussed as well. The metabolic flow of lipoproteins in normo- and hypertriglyceridemia can be described by separate compartments that contribute to lipoprotein interaction with at least six different receptors: 1) low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor; 2) LDL receptor-related protein (LRP); 3) apoB(48) macrophage receptor for hypertriglyceridemic very low density lipoproteins (VLDL); 4) scavenger receptors; 5) VLDL receptor; 6) lipolysis-stimulated receptor. The contribution of the exposure of apoE molecules on the surface of triglyceride-rich particles sensitive both to lipolysis and plasma triglyceride content to the interaction with LDL receptor and LRP is emphasized.
AuthorsA D Dergunov
JournalBiochemistry. Biokhimiia (Biochemistry (Mosc)) Vol. 69 Issue 7 Pg. 720-37 (Jul 2004) ISSN: 0006-2979 [Print] United States
PMID15310270 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Review)
Chemical References
  • Apolipoproteins E
  • Lipoproteins
  • Receptors, Lipoprotein
  • Triglycerides
Topics
  • Apolipoproteins E (blood, metabolism)
  • Humans
  • Hypertriglyceridemia (blood, metabolism)
  • Lipoproteins (blood, metabolism)
  • Models, Biological
  • Protein Binding
  • Receptors, Lipoprotein (blood, metabolism)
  • Triglycerides (blood, metabolism)

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