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Fish oil affects pancreatic fat storage, pyruvate dehydrogenase complex activity and insulin secretion in rats fed a sucrose-rich diet.

Abstract
Rats fed a sucrose-rich diet (SRD) develop hypertriglyceridemia and a marked decline in beta cell function. The purpose of this study was to determine whether changes in triglyceride concentration and/or altered pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHc) activity contribute to the beta cell dysfunction, and to analyze the effect of dietary fish oil on the altered patterns of insulin secretion and peripheral insulin resistance. Rats were fed an SRD for 210 d. One-half of the rats continued consuming the SRD until d 270. The other half received an SRD in which fish oil (FO) was partially substituted for corn oil until d 270. A group of rats was fed a control diet (CD) throughout the experiment. The islets of rats fed the SRD had a greater triglyceride concentration and lower PDHc activity than those fed the CD. Insulin secretion patterns under the stimulus of glucose, palmitate or L-arginine were impaired in SRD-fed compared with CD-fed rats. This was accompanied by peripheral insulin resistance, mild hyperglycemia, a sharp increase of plasma triglyceride and free fatty acid levels and greater epididymal and retroperitoneal fat weights. FO normalized and/or improved these variables. Our results indicate that the increased fat storage and decreased PDHc activity in the beta cells play a key role in the abnormal insulin secretion of rats chronically fed an SRD. This is consistent with the reversion of these alterations by dietary FO.
AuthorsDario Pighin, Liliana Karabatas, Andrea Rossi, Adriana Chicco, Juan Carlos Basabe, Yolanda B Lombardo
JournalThe Journal of nutrition (J Nutr) Vol. 133 Issue 12 Pg. 4095-101 (Dec 2003) ISSN: 0022-3166 [Print] United States
PMID14652354 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References
  • Dietary Sucrose
  • Fish Oils
  • Insulin
  • Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex
  • Triglycerides
Topics
  • Animals
  • Body Weight (drug effects)
  • Dietary Sucrose (administration & dosage)
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Energy Intake
  • Fish Oils (pharmacology)
  • Glucose Clamp Technique
  • Hyperinsulinism (metabolism)
  • In Vitro Techniques
  • Insulin (metabolism)
  • Insulin Secretion
  • Islets of Langerhans (metabolism)
  • Lipid Metabolism
  • Male
  • Osmolar Concentration
  • Pancreas (metabolism)
  • Perfusion
  • Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex (metabolism)
  • Rats
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Triglycerides (metabolism)

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