The chemistry, mechanism of action, antimicrobial spectrum, pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy, safety, drug interactions, and dosage and administration of
lomefloxacin and
temafloxacin, two new antimicrobials, are presented.
Lomefloxacin and
temafloxacin exhibit activity comparable to that of
ciprofloxacin against the Enterobacteriaceae.
Lomefloxacin has only modest activity against common gram-positive organisms.
Temafloxacin exhibits increased activity against the streptococci and moderate activity against many anaerobes, as compared with
ciprofloxacin.
Lomefloxacin and
temafloxacin have only moderate antipseudomonal activity. Their elimination half-lives are 6-10 hours and they have good oral absorption, excellent penetration into many tissues and fluids, and a better drug-interaction profile than other similar agents.
Lomefloxacin has demonstrated comparable efficacy to other
therapies in the treatment of lower
respiratory-tract infections and
urinary-tract infections (UTIs) and for prophylaxis before
surgical procedures in the urinary tract.
Temafloxacin has been shown to be effective in the treatment of lower
respiratory-tract infections,
infections of the skin and associated structures, uncomplicated and complicated UTIs, bacterial
prostatitis, and gonococcal and non-gonococcal
urethritis and
cervicitis. The most frequent adverse effects with
lomefloxacin are gastrointestinal upset and
headache; with
temafloxacin, gastrointestinal complaints.
Lomefloxacin's dosage is 400 mg p.o. daily for 10 days for treatment of acute bacterial exacerbations in
chronic bronchitis or simple
cystitis and for 14 days for treatment of complicated UTIs.
Lomefloxacin is a new oral
fluoroquinolone that is indicated for the treatment of various
bacterial infections.
Temafloxacin, another new
fluoroquinolone, appeared to have some favourable characteristics but was withdrawn from the market.