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Successful induction and maintenance of long-term remission in a child with chronic relapsing autoimmune hemolytic anemia using rituximab.

Abstract
Childhood autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) of the warm type is usually successfully managed with corticosteroids and/or immunoglobulin infusions. In a small proportion of patients AIHA follows a more severe and protracted pathway resulting in the use of immunosuppressive therapy and frequently culminating with the need for splenectomy. Rituximab is an anti-CD20 (B-cell) monoclonal antibody used for the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory low-grade or follicular, CD20 positive, B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Case reports on the use of rituximab for childhood AIHA are scant. The authors describe the first report in which rituximab was effectively employed to induce a long-term remission in a young child with the longest history of chronic relapsing AIHA prior to receiving rituximab. All immunosuppressive therapy was successfully discontinued and splenectomy was avoided.
AuthorsNick G Gottardo, David L Baker, Frank R Willis
JournalPediatric hematology and oncology (Pediatr Hematol Oncol) 2003 Oct-Nov Vol. 20 Issue 7 Pg. 557-61 ISSN: 0888-0018 [Print] England
PMID12959862 (Publication Type: Case Reports, Journal Article)
Chemical References
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived
  • Antigens, CD20
  • Immunosuppressive Agents
  • Rituximab
  • Cyclosporine
  • Prednisolone
Topics
  • Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune (drug therapy)
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal (therapeutic use)
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived
  • Antigens, CD20 (analysis)
  • B-Lymphocytes (drug effects)
  • Chronic Disease
  • Cyclosporine (therapeutic use)
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immunosuppressive Agents (adverse effects, therapeutic use)
  • Infant
  • Prednisolone (therapeutic use)
  • Recurrence
  • Remission Induction (methods)
  • Rituximab
  • Splenomegaly
  • Time

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