Tumor necrosis factor alpha is a key mediator of gut inflammation seen in amebic colitis in human intestine in the SCID mouse-human intestinal xenograft model of disease.

Abstract	We used Entamoeba histolytica infection in human intestinal xenografts to study the roles interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in the pathogenesis of amebic colitis. We found that blockade of TNF-alpha reduced inflammation and intestinal damage in amebic infection, while inhibition of IL-1 reduced cytokine production but had less marked effects on inflammation and disease.
Authors	Zhi Zhang, Sajan Mahajan, Xiaochung Zhang, Samuel L Stanley Jr
Journal	Infection and immunity (Infect Immun) Vol. 71 Issue 9 Pg. 5355-9 (Sep 2003) ISSN: 0019-9567 [Print] United States
PMID	12933883 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.)
Chemical References	IL1RN protein, human Il1rn protein, mouse Inflammation Mediators Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein Interleukin-1 Sialoglycoproteins Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
Topics	Animals Colon (immunology, transplantation) Dysentery, Amebic (etiology, immunology, pathology) Entamoeba histolytica Humans Inflammation Mediators (antagonists & inhibitors, physiology) Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein Interleukin-1 (antagonists & inhibitors, physiology) Mice Mice, SCID Sialoglycoproteins (pharmacology) Transplantation, Heterologous Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (antagonists & inhibitors, physiology)

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