Assessment of monocytic component in acute myelomonocytic and monocytic/monoblastic leukemias by a chemiluminescent assay.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION:

Classically, the monocytic component of acute myelomonocytic (FAB-M4) and acute monocytic/monoblastic (FAB-M5) leukemias is demonstrated by nonspecific esterase positivity in cytochemical stainings. We have previously demonstrated that non-specific esterases from normal monocytes can be determined by a chemiluminescent method. In the present study, we investigated whether this assay can also determine the monocytic component of FAB-M4 and FAB-M5 and distinguish these acute myeloid leukemia (AML) categories.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Bone marrow samples were obtained from 66 patients with AML (M0, two cases; M1, 12 cases; M2, 13 cases; M3, 10 cases; M4, 11 cases; M5, 12 cases; M6, two cases; M7, four cases). Cells were incubated with a standard reaction mixture and chemiluminescence was measured for 10 min. Two parameters were assessed, the peak (PLE) and the integrated light emission (ILE).

RESULTS:

Both PLE and ILE were higher in FAB-M4 and FAB-M5 subtypes compared to other AML subtypes (P<0.001). In addition, the classification of AML cases into FAB-M4, FAB-M5 and nonmonocytic subtypes based on ILE analysis was concordant with alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) in 97% of cases (kappa coefficient 0.94, P<0.001).

CONCLUSIONS:

These findings indicate that this chemiluminescent assay was able to determine the monocytic component of FAB-M4 and FAB-M5 cells, and the classification of AML subtypes based on chemiluminescent analysis strongly agreed with the cytochemical ANAE-staining. In conclusion, this chemiluminescent assay is a simple, fast and objective method, which may be useful as an alternative tool in the differential diagnosis of AML subtypes.

• Authors: Luiz M da Fonseca, Iguatemy L Brunetti, Ana Campa, Luiz H Catalani, Rodrigo T Calado, Roberto P Falcão
• Journal: The hematology journal : the official journal of the European Haematology Association (Hematol J) Vol. 4 Issue 1 Pg. 26-30 ( 2003) ISSN: 1466-4860 [Print] England
• PMID: 12692517 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• 2-methyl-1-propenylbenzoate
• Benzoates
• Neoplasm Proteins
• Sodium Fluoride
• Horseradish Peroxidase
• Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases
• Carboxylesterase

Topics

• Acute Disease
• Adolescent
• Adult
• Aged
• Aged, 80 and over
• Benzoates (metabolism)
• Bone Marrow (pathology)
• Carboxylesterase
• Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases (analysis)
• Child
• Child, Preschool
• Cryopreservation
• Diagnosis, Differential
• Female
• Horseradish Peroxidase (metabolism)
• Humans
• Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute (diagnosis, enzymology, pathology)
• Leukemia, Myeloid (pathology)
• Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Acute (diagnosis, enzymology, pathology)
• Luminescent Measurements
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Monocytes (enzymology, pathology)
• Neoplasm Proteins (analysis)
• Neoplastic Stem Cells (enzymology, pathology)
• Sodium Fluoride (pharmacology)