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Anti-metastatic activities of all-trans retinoic acid, indole-3-carbinol and (+)-catechin in Dunning rat invasive prostate adenocarcinoma cells.

Abstract
Dunning rat invasive prostate adenocarcinoma cells were employed to investigate the anti-metastatic potential and probable mechanisms of action of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), indole-3-carbinol (13C) and (+)-catechin (CAT). The invasive parameters studied include: matrigel membrane invasion; zymography and Northern analysis for matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) activity and gene expression; and Western analysis for the membrane-associated proteins alpha-, beta- and gamma-catenins. ATRA significantly and dose-dependently inhibited matrigel membrane invasion of the cells by 53%, inhibited MMP-2 activity by 71%, MMP-9(80%), alpha-(59%) and beta-(65%) catenin expression at 10 microM (p < 0.01). gamma-Catenin expression was completely inhibited by ATRA even at 2 microM. Catechin at 25 microM decreased matrigel membrane invasion by 24% and also inhibited gamma-catenin protein levels by 58% (p < 0.01). Loss of E-cadherin was implicated in the exacerbation of the anti-metastatic effects of ATRA and CAT by the use of E-cadherin-positive, non-invasive cells. In conclusion, ATRA and CAT show anti-metastatic potential in the invasive rat prostate adenocarcinoma model and gamma-catenin appears to play a mechanistic role.
AuthorsJoseph O Nwankwo
JournalAnticancer research (Anticancer Res) 2002 Nov-Dec Vol. 22 Issue 6C Pg. 4129-35 ISSN: 0250-7005 [Print] Greece
PMID12553043 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
Chemical References
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Cadherins
  • Drug Combinations
  • Indoles
  • Laminin
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors
  • Proteoglycans
  • RNA, Messenger
  • matrigel
  • Tretinoin
  • Catechin
  • Collagen
  • indole-3-carbinol
  • Collagenases
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 11
  • Metalloendopeptidases
  • collagenase 1
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 2
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 9
Topics
  • Adenocarcinoma (drug therapy, enzymology, secondary)
  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Agents (pharmacology)
  • Blotting, Western
  • Cadherins (biosynthesis)
  • Catechin (pharmacology)
  • Cell Movement (drug effects)
  • Collagen
  • Collagenases (biosynthesis, genetics)
  • Drug Combinations
  • Indoles (pharmacology)
  • Laminin
  • Male
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 11
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 (metabolism)
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 (metabolism)
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors
  • Metalloendopeptidases (biosynthesis, genetics)
  • Neoplasm Invasiveness
  • Prostatic Neoplasms (drug therapy, enzymology, pathology)
  • Proteoglycans
  • RNA, Messenger (biosynthesis, genetics)
  • Rats
  • Tretinoin (pharmacology)
  • Tumor Cells, Cultured

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