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Adaptive responses to oxidative damage in three mutants of Caenorhabditis elegans (age-1, mev-1 and daf-16) that affect life span.

Abstract
Oxidative damage shortens the life span of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), even in an age-1 mutant that is characterized by a long life and oxygen resistance. We found that daily short-term exposure (3 h) to hyperoxia further extended the life span of age-1, a phenomenon known as an adaptive response. age-1 also showed resistance to paraquat and heat. Acute hyperoxic treatment did not extend the life spans of wild type, daf-16 or mev-1. daf-16 mutant had a slightly shorter life span compared to wild type and was sensitive to heat and paraquat. The daf-16 phenotype resembles that of mev-1 showing a short life and oxygen sensitivity. We measured mRNA levels of superoxide dismutase genes (sod-1 through 4), catalase genes (clt-1 and ctl-2), known to encode anti-oxidant enzymes, and found they were elevated in age-1 young adults. On the other hand, in daf-16 and mev-1, the expression of sod-1, sod-2 and sod-3 genes was lower rather than in wild type. Conversely, ctl-1 and ctl-2 genes expression was significantly elevated in daf-16 and mev-1. This suggests that DAF-16, a forkhead/winged-helix transcription factor, whose expression is suppressed by AGE-1, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3-kinase), regulates anti-oxidant genes as well as energy metabolism under atmospheric conditions. However, the level of gene expression of SOD and catalase was not elevated by short-term exposure to 90% oxygen in wild type, mev-1, daf-16 and even age-1. This suggests that SOD and catalase do not play a role in the adaptive response against oxidative stress under hyperoxia, at least under these experimental conditions.
AuthorsSumino Yanase, Kayo Yasuda, Naoaki Ishii
JournalMechanisms of ageing and development (Mech Ageing Dev) Vol. 123 Issue 12 Pg. 1579-87 (Nov 2002) ISSN: 0047-6374 [Print] Ireland
PMID12470895 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
CopyrightCopyright 2002 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd.
Chemical References
  • Antioxidants
  • Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins
  • Cytochromes
  • Forkhead Transcription Factors
  • MEV-1 protein, C elegans
  • Transcription Factors
  • daf-16 protein, C elegans
  • Cytochromes b
  • Catalase
  • Superoxide Dismutase
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases
  • AGE-1 protein, C elegans
  • Oxygen
Topics
  • Adaptation, Physiological (drug effects, physiology)
  • Animals
  • Antioxidants (metabolism)
  • Body Temperature Regulation (physiology)
  • Caenorhabditis elegans (genetics)
  • Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins (genetics, metabolism)
  • Catalase (genetics)
  • Cytochromes (genetics, metabolism)
  • Cytochromes b
  • Forkhead Transcription Factors
  • Longevity (genetics)
  • Mutation (physiology)
  • Oxidative Stress (drug effects, physiology)
  • Oxygen (metabolism, pharmacology)
  • Phenotype
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases
  • Superoxide Dismutase (genetics)
  • Transcription Factors (genetics, metabolism)

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