A prospective study was done to test the efficacy of
5-fluorouracil (topical and systemic) in multiple and unresectable histologically proven facial
squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) secondary to XP. Twelve patients (7M/5F, mean age 19.8 years) with multiple facial SCC were treated between 1994 and 1997.
5-FU was used as a twice-a-day local application in the documented areas, by continuous infusion associated with
cisplatin (2 patients) and short infusion combined with
folic acid (3 patients). Evaluation was done by clinical examination every two months for topical
therapy and after every cycle for systemic treatment. Median
treatment duration was 12 months (2 to 36 months). Treatment was well tolerated excluding episodes of
pruritus in the treated areas. We observed mainly superficial tumour regression followed by dryness and crusting. In 5 cases, we performed biopsies
after treatment showing in one case an extensive
fibrosis with absence of tumour. However in the remaining 4 cases, despite a superficial reduction of tumour and a reconstitution of the epidermis, viable and unmodified
squamous cell carcinoma remained in the deeper dermis. In the 5 patients treated by systemic
5-FU, we observed 1 complete response and 3 partial responses. Despite a dissociation between a good cosmetic result and a relatively superficial effect, topical
5-FU represents a useful therapeutic option in multiple unresectable facial SCC in patients with XP. Systemic
chemotherapy is recommended in the event of more extended or profound lesions.