The Baltimore-Washington Infant Study (1981-1989), a population-based study of CCVM, evaluated 126 infants with "pure"
CoA (free of associated cardiac defects) and 67 infants with
CoA and VSD (
COA/VSD) in comparison to 3,572 controls.
RESULTS: The proportion of infants with associated extracardiac anomalies was greater among
CoA/VSD than among pure
CoA (31% versus 11%). Infants with
CoA/VSD were twice as likely as those with pure
CoA to be born small for gestational age (23% versus 12%, respectively, compared with 6% of controls). All-cause mortality during the first year of life was higher in
CoA/VSD than in pure
CoA (21% vs. 7%). Multiple logistic regression models revealed that family history of CCVM was associated with pure
CoA (adjusted case-control odds ratio [OR] = 4.6; 99% confidence interval [CI] = 1.5-13.9) and with
CoA/VSD (OR = 5.9, CI = 1.2-23.5); maternal history of organic
solvent exposures early in pregnancy was also associated with pure
CoA (OR = 3.2, CI = 1.0-10.2) and with
CoA/VSD (OR = 3.7, CI 0.9-14.9). Additional risk factors, including maternal
epilepsy (OR = 5.3, CI = 0.9-30.6), and use of
macrodantin (OR = 6.7, CI = 1.4-31.8) were associated only with pure
CoA.
CONCLUSIONS: