Hydrogenated
Cottonseed Oil,
Cottonseed (Gossypium)
Oil, Cottonseed Acid,
Cottonseed Glyceride, and Hydrogenated
Cottonseed Glyceride are cosmetic ingredients derived from
Cottonseed Oil and used as skin-conditioning agents and
surfactants. Nonoils known to be toxic that may be found in
cottonseed oils include
gossypol,
aflatoxin, and cyclopropenoid
fatty acids (CPFA). Toxic
heavy metal and/or
polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) or other
pesticide contamination is also possible.
Cottonseed Oil was nontoxic in acute oral toxicity studies in rats. In a short-term study, rabbits that had been fed 2%
Cottonseed Oil for 7 weeks had significantly lower blood chemistry parameters (compared to
wheat bran controls) and significantly more stored hepatic
vitamin A (compared to rabbits fed other
fats).
Cottonseed Oil controls used as vehicles in two parenteral studies produced negative results. Hydrogenated
Cottonseed Oil tested in formulation did not produce dermal or ocular irritation in rabbits. An oral-dose reproductive study tested up to 30%
Cottonseed Oil (with 1% CPFAs) and reported no adverse effects on sexual maturity and reproductive performance of the F0 generation; changes were noted in the F1 generation but reproductive capacity was not altered. Parenteral-dose reproductive studies reported no adverse effects.
Cottonseed Oil was not mutagenic.
Cottonseed Oil did not induce
aberrant crypt foci when given orally to mice, but in other studies, it increased the incidence of spontaneous mammary
tumors in rats and mice. Mice fed 20% Hydrogenated
Cottonseed Oil during induction and promotion of photocarcinogenesis had significantly lower
tumor incidence compared to mice fed 20%
sunflower oil. Hydrogenated
Cottonseed Oil in formulation (up to approximately 21%) was neither an
irritant nor sensitizer in clinical studies. Limited clinical data indicated that
Cottonseed Oil does not contain allergic
protein. Based on the available data, it was concluded that these ingredients may be used safely in cosmetic formulations if established limits on
gossypol,
heavy metals, and
pesticide concentrations are not exceeded.