Role of gut flora on intestinal group II phospholipase A2 activity and intestinal injury in shock.

Abstract

We previously showed that group II phospholipase A2 (PLA2-II), a secretory, bactericidal, and proinflammatory protein in intestinal crypts, is upregulated after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and platelet-activating factor (PAF) challenge. Here we examined whether germ-free environment (GF) or antibiotic treatment (ABX) affects the pathophysiological responses and intestinal PLA2-II activity after PAF (1.5 microg/kg) or LPS (8 mg/kg) injection. We found that LPS and PAF induced hypotension and mild intestinal injury in conventionally fed (CN) rats; these changes were milder in ABX rats, whereas GF rats showed no intestinal injury. PLA2-II enzyme activity was detected in normal rat small intestine; the basal level was not diminished in ABX or GF rats. PAF and LPS caused an increase in PLA2-II activity, which was abrogated in GF and ABX rats. Recolonization of GF rats by enteral contamination restituted their PLA2-II response to PAF and LPS and susceptibility to bowel injury. We conclude that PAF- and LPS-induced increases in PLA2-II activity are dependent on gut bacteria, and ABX and GF rats are less susceptible to LPS-induced injury than CN rats.

• Authors: R A Rozenfeld, X Liu, I DePlaen, W Hsueh
• Journal: American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology (Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol) Vol. 281 Issue 4 Pg. G957-63 (Oct 2001) ISSN: 0193-1857 [Print] United States
• PMID: 11557516 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.)

Chemical References

• Anti-Bacterial Agents
• Lipopolysaccharides
• Platelet Activating Factor
• Phospholipases A
• Group II Phospholipases A2
• Phospholipases A2

Topics

• Animals
• Anti-Bacterial Agents (pharmacology)
• Bacterial Physiological Phenomena
• Blood Pressure (drug effects)
• Germ-Free Life
• Group II Phospholipases A2
• Hematocrit
• Intestine, Small (drug effects, enzymology, microbiology, pathology)
• Leukocyte Count
• Lipopolysaccharides (pharmacology)
• Male
• Phospholipases A (metabolism)
• Phospholipases A2
• Platelet Activating Factor (pharmacology)
• Rats
• Rats, Sprague-Dawley
• Shock, Septic (enzymology, microbiology, pathology)