Chemotherapy of experimental streptococcal endocarditis. IV. Further observations on prophylaxis.

Abstract

The ability of antibiotics to prevent Streptococcus sanguis endocarditis was tested in rabbits. Only vancomycin or a combination of penicillin G plus streptomycin always prevented infection when administered as a single dose. A loading dose of 30 mg/kg of phenoxymethyl penicillin (penicillin V) followed by additional 7.5 mg/kg doses for 48 h proved to be the only successful prophylactic program that could be given orally to man. Cefazolin alone or with streptomycin in multiple doses was also an effective alternative to penicillin or penicillin derivatives. Erythromycin uniformly failed to protect animals from bacterial endocarditis but showed greater prophylactic efficacy when a low inoculum of streptococci was used.

• Authors: L L Pelletier Jr, D T Durack, R G Petersdorf
• Journal: The Journal of clinical investigation (J Clin Invest) Vol. 56 Issue 2 Pg. 319-30 (Aug 1975) ISSN: 0021-9738 [Print] United States
• PMID: 1150874 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.)

Chemical References

• Anti-Bacterial Agents
• Penicillin G Procaine
• Clindamycin
• Erythromycin
• Vancomycin
• Ampicillin
• Cefazolin
• Cephalexin
• Penicillin G
• Penicillin G Benzathine
• Streptomycin

Topics

• Ampicillin (therapeutic use)
• Animals
• Anti-Bacterial Agents (therapeutic use)
• Cefazolin (therapeutic use)
• Cephalexin (therapeutic use)
• Clindamycin (therapeutic use)
• Disease Models, Animal
• Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
• Drug Administration Schedule
• Drug Therapy, Combination
• Endocarditis, Bacterial (drug therapy)
• Erythromycin (therapeutic use)
• Female
• Injections, Intramuscular
• Injections, Intravenous
• Male
• Penicillin G (therapeutic use)
• Penicillin G Benzathine (therapeutic use)
• Penicillin G Procaine (therapeutic use)
• Rabbits
• Streptococcus
• Streptomycin (therapeutic use)
• Vancomycin (therapeutic use)